DEVELOPMENT OF FEATURE DETECTORS IN VISUAL-CORTEX WITH APPLICATIONS TO LEARNING AND REACTION-DIFFUSION SYSTEMS
DEVELOPMENT OF FEATURE DETECTORS IN VISUAL-CORTEX WITH APPLICATIONS TO LEARNING AND REACTION-DIFFUSION SYSTEMS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/bf00337422
复制
发表时间：
1976-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
GROSSBERG, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GROSSBERG, S
调节视皮层的发育机制来源于成人学习机制：分流中心偏离环绕网络的适应性，防止在高输入强度下并行处理模式的饱和，对比度增强和短期记忆机制，以及计算突触前信号和突触后活动的时间平均值和倍增门信号的塑性突触强度。该机制可以生成特征检测器的场;例如，行或图像检测器。这些领域的发展层次可以被合成，其中连续的关键发展时期被触发，因为在每个阶段的短期记忆和长期记忆之间建立了动态平衡。分流适应可以解释空间频率适应的一些数据。分流网络的性质类似于某些反应扩散系统的性质，这些系统已被用于模拟各种物种的发育数据;例如，水螅怪，视网膜怪，黏菌。例如，在反应扩散系统中，由于调节而产生的位置信息类似于由于网络适应而产生的恒定性，发育梯度的激发类似于对比度增强，形态发生素模式的维持类似于短期记忆。
Developmental mechanisms for tuning of visual cortex are derived from adult learning mechanisms: an adaptational property of shunting on-center off-surround networks that prevents saturation of parallel processed patterns at high input intensities, a contrast enhancement and short-term memory mechanism, and plastic synaptic strengths that compute a time average of presynaptic signals and postsynaptic activities and multiplicatively gate signals. The mechanisms can generate fields of feature detectors; e.g., line or picture detectors. A developing hierarchy of such fields can be synthesized in which successive critical developmental periods are triggered as a dynamic equilibrium is established between shortterm memory and long-term memory at each stage. Shunting adaptation can account for some data on spatial frequency adaptation. Shunting network properties resemble properties of certain reaction-diffusion systems that have been used to model developmental data in various species; e.g., Hydra,Xenopusretina, slime molds. For example, positional information due to regulation in reaction-diffusion systems is analogous to constancies due to network adaptation, firing of a developmental gradient is analogous to contrast enhancement, and maintenance of a pattern of morphogens is analogous to short-term memory.