Effects of air mass origin on Arctic cloud microphysical parameters for April 1998 during FIRE.ACE
Effects of air mass origin on Arctic cloud microphysical parameters for April 1998 during FIRE.ACE
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1998 年 4 月 FIRE.ACE 期间气团起源对北极云微物理参数的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Isaac
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
I. Gultepe;G. Isaac
[1]利用1998年4月在第一个国际卫星云气候学项目(ISCCP)区域实验--北极云实验(FIRE.ACE)期间使用加拿大Convair-580收集的观测数据用于研究北冰洋上空的云微物理。气候模型中的云微物理参数被指定为基于源自海洋或陆地的云系统的常量或特定关系。冬季和春季的北冰洋主要覆盖着冰。由于这种情况，与中纬度海洋相比，北冰洋对云系的影响可能会有很大不同。根据加拿大气象中心(CMC)模式输出计算的气团反向轨迹被用来将气团的起源定义为太平洋(PO)或北冰洋(AO)。确定气团来源的不确定度不到20%。飞机测量的PO平均气溶胶数浓度(Na)(10 8 cm−3)大于AO病例(4 1 cm−3)。PO平均液滴数浓度(ND)为48 cm−3，而AO为77 cm−3。AO和PO的液滴有效半径(REF)分别为9.3和5.6μm。液态水含量(冰水含量)由0.0 5(0.0 1)g m−3变为0.13(0.0 3)g m−3。平均冰晶数浓度：PO组为20 L−1，AO组为10 L−1。1998年4月，在85%的置信度水平下对平均值进行的统计显著性检验表明，AO和PO病例具有明显的微物理和气溶胶特征。
[1] Observations collected in April 1998 using the Canadian Convair-580 during the First International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) Regional Experiment-Arctic Cloud Experiment (FIRE.ACE) are used to study cloud microphysics over the Arctic Ocean. Cloud microphysical parameters in climate models are specified as either constants or specific relationships based on cloud systems originating from either the ocean or land. The Arctic Ocean during winter and spring is mainly covered with ice. Because of this condition, the influence of the Arctic Ocean on cloud systems can be very different as compared to that of the midlatitude ocean. Air mass back-trajectories calculated from the Canadian Meteorological Center (CMC) model outputs were used to define the origin of air masses as either the Pacific Ocean (PO) or the Arctic Ocean (AO). The uncertainty in specifying the origin of the air mass was less than 20%. The PO mean aerosol number concentration (Na) from the aircraft measurements was larger (108 cm−3) than for the AO cases (41 cm−3). The PO mean droplet number concentration (Nd) was 48 cm−3 in comparison to 77 cm−3 for the AO cases. The droplet effective radii (reff) for the AO and PO cases were 9.3 and 5.6 μm, respectively. Liquid water content (ice water content) changed from 0.05 (0.01) g m−3 for the AO cases to 0.13 (0.03) g m−3 for the PO cases. The averaged ice crystal number concentration was 20 L−1 for the PO cases and 10 L−1 for the AO cases. For April 1998, a statistical significance test on mean values at the 85% confidence level showed that the AO and PO cases had distinct microphysical and aerosol characteristics.