Factors related to depression during pregnancy: are there gender differences?
Factors related to depression during pregnancy: are there gender differences?
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DOI：
10.1136/jech.2007.063016
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发表时间：
2008-05-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Artazcoz, L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Escriba-Agueir, V.;Gonzalez-Galarzo, M. C.;Artazcoz, L.
目的：探讨孕晚期心理社会因素和个人因素对妊娠晚期抑郁影响的性别差异。方法：对参加西班牙巴伦西亚省产前计划的687名妇女及其配偶(n=669)进行横断面调查。数据收集通过自填问卷的方式进行。结果变量是由爱丁堡产后抑郁量表测量的妊娠晚期抑郁。预测变量是心理社会变量(婚姻不满意、知己和情感社会支持)和个人变量(既往抑郁病史、伴侣抑郁和意外怀孕)。结果：女性妊娠期抑郁的患病率(10.3%)高于男性(6.5%)。在男女中，有婚姻不满足者妊娠期抑郁的概率较高(女性为3.05，95%CI为1.59~5.82，男性为3.14，95%CI为1.24~7.99)，有抑郁史的女性为2.18，95%CI为1.22~3.89，男性为5.22，95%CI为2.05~13.34。无论是女性还是男性，意外怀孕都不会增加怀孕抑郁的风险。社会支持和伴侣抑郁的影响存在性别差异。而在男性中，低情感社会支持和伴侣抑郁与报告抑郁的概率较高，但这些变量与女性抑郁无关。结论：孕期抑郁的大多数预测因素对两性来说是相似的，但社会支持和伴侣抑郁对妊娠抑郁的影响存在性别差异。卫生专业人员应该意识到潜在的弱势群体，以便及早诊断妊娠抑郁症并提供有效的干预措施。
Objective: To determine gender differences between women and their partners in the effect of psychosocial and personal factors on depression during the third trimester of pregnancy.Method: A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 687 women and their partners ( n=669) attending the prenatal programme of Valencia province ( Spain). Data collection was carried out by means of a self-reported questionnaire. The outcome variable was depression during the third trimester of pregnancy measured by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Predictor variables were psychosocial ( marital dissatisfaction, confidant and affective social support) and personal ( previous history of depression, partner depression and unplanned pregnancy) variables. The adjusted odds ratios ( aOR) and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated by fitting a logistic regression model.Results: The prevalence of pregnancy depression was higher among women ( 10.3%) than men ( 6.5%). In both sexes, the probability of depression during pregnancy was higher in those with marital dissatisfaction ( aOR 3.05, 95% CI 1.59 to 5.82 for women and 3.14, 95% CI 1.24 to 7.99 for men) and among those whose with a previous history of depression ( aOR 2.18, 95% CI 1.22 to 3.89 for women and 5.22, 95% CI 2.05 to 13.34 for men). Unplanned pregnancy did not increase the risk of pregnancy depression either in women or men. Gender differences were found on the impact of social support and partner's depression. Whereas among men low affective social support and partner depression were associated with a higher probability of reporting depression, none of these variables were related to women's depression.Conclusion: Most predictor factors of depression during pregnancy are similar for both sexes but a genderdifferent impact of social support and partner depression on pregnancy depression was appreciated. Health professionals should be aware of potentially vulnerable groups for early diagnosis of pregnancy depression and to provide effective interventions.