Association between variation in neuropsychological development and trajectory of ADHD severity in early childhood.
Association between variation in neuropsychological development and trajectory of ADHD severity in early childhood.
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神经心理学发育变化与幼儿期 ADHD 严重程度轨迹之间的关联。
DOI：
10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12101360
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Halperin,JeffreyM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rajendran,Khushmand;Trampush,JoeyW;Rindskopf,David;Marks,DavidJ;O'Neill,Sarah;Halperin,JeffreyM
目的本纵向研究旨在探讨儿童从学龄前到学龄期的神经心理功能变化是否与ADHD相关症状和损害的轨迹有关。方法样本包括3和4岁的儿童（N=138）谁被确定为“有风险”的ADHD的基础上，家长和老师的报告。每年在四个时间点（平均年龄：4.19岁，5.36岁，6.35岁和7.35岁）使用NEPSY测量神经心理功能。ADHD症状和损害使用半年一次的家长和教师报告在ADHD-RS-IV和儿童问题清单超过10个时间点进行评估（基线和最终评估的平均年龄分别为4.19岁和8.81岁）。分层线性模型用于评估神经心理功能和ADHD严重程度的变化轨迹，以及神经心理功能变化与ADHD严重程度随时间变化的相关性。结果基线神经心理功能与ADHD严重程度变化的斜率无显著相关性。然而，神经心理功能的变化幅度与ADHD症状严重程度和损伤的轨迹呈线性相关，因此随着时间的推移，神经心理发育越快的个体，ADHD的严重程度和损伤程度越小。基线时的家庭社会经济状况与最初的ADHD严重程度和损伤显著相关，但与随时间的变化无关。结论早期加强ADHD儿童神经心理功能的干预可能有助于减轻ADHD的长期严重程度和损害。
Objective This longitudinal study examined whether changes in neuropsychological functioning were associated with the trajectory of ADHD-related symptoms and impairment between preschool and school-age. Method The sample consisted of 3- and 4-year-old children (N=138) who were identified as being “at-risk” for ADHD based on parent and teacher reports. Neuropsychological functioning was measured annually using the NEPSY at four points of time (Mean ages: 4.19, 5.36, 6.35 and 7.35 years). ADHD symptoms and impairment were assessed using semi-annual parent and teacher reports on the ADHD-RS-IV and the Children’s Problems Checklist over 10 points of time (Mean age at baseline and final assessment = 4.19 and 8.81 years, respectively). Hierarchical linear modeling was used to assess the trajectories of change in neuropsychological functioning and ADHD severity as well as the association of change in neuropsychological functioning with change in ADHD severity over time. Results Baseline neuropsychological functioning was not significantly associated with the slope of change in ADHD severity. However, the magnitude of change in neuropsychological functioning was linearly associated with the trajectory of ADHD symptom severity and impairment such that individuals with greater neuropsychological growth over time had a greater diminution of ADHD severity and impairment. Family socioeconomic status at baseline was significantly associated with initial ADHD severity and impairment but not with change over time. Conclusion Interventions that enhance neuropsychological functioning from an early age may be beneficial to attenuating long-term ADHD severity and impairment.