Implementation of the First US Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax in Berkeley, CA, 2015-2019
Implementation of the First US Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax in Berkeley, CA, 2015-2019
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.2020.305795
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发表时间：
2020-09-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Madsen, Kristine A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Falbe, Jennifer;Grummon, Anna H.;Madsen, Kristine A.
目标。从2015年加州伯克利实施的全国首个含糖饮料（SSB）消费税中吸取教训。从2015年6月到2017年4月，我们采访了城市利益相关者和SSB分销商和零售商（n = 48），并分析了截至2019年1月的记录。经验教训包括与分销商和零售商进行彻底和及时沟通的重要性，充分的实施前置时间，收入分配咨询委员会，以及在征税开始前为工作人员、沟通和评估提供资金。关于税收和资助项目的早期和强有力的宣传可以促进和维持公众的支持，减少摩擦，并促进饮料价格仅在ssb上上涨。没有零售商报告说提高了食品价格，这表明伯克利的SSB税并没有像业界声称的那样起到“杂货税”的作用。到2021年，用于公共卫生、营养和卫生公平的收入拨款总额超过900万美元。一揽子政策、背景和实施过程促进了将政策转化为公共卫生成果。需要进一步的研究来了解长期的促进因素和障碍，以维持伯克利税收的公共健康利益，以及这些与面临重大行业资助的废除努力的司法管辖区的促进因素和障碍有何不同。
Objectives. To identify lessons learned from implementation of the nation's first sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) excise tax in 2015 in Berkeley, California.Methods. We interviewed city stakeholders and SSB distributors and retailers (n = 48) from June 2015 to April 2017 and analyzed records through January 2019.Results. Lessons included the importance of thorough and timely communications with distributors and retailers, adequate lead time for implementation, advisory commissions for revenue allocations, and funding of staff, communications, and evaluation before tax collection begins. Early and robust outreach about the tax and programs funded can promote and sustain public support, reduce friction, and facilitate beverage price increases on SSBs only. No retailer reported raising food prices, indicating that Berkeley's SSB tax did not function as a "grocery tax," as industry claimed. Revenue allocations totaled more than $9 million for public health, nutrition, and health equity through 2021.Conclusions. The policy package, context, and implementation process facilitated translating policy into public health outcomes. Further research is needed to understand long-term facilitators and barriers to sustaining public health benefits of Berkeley's tax and how those differ from facilitators and barriers in jurisdictions facing significant industry-funded repeal efforts.