Estimating the sediment trap efficiency of intermittently dry reservoirs: lessons from the Kruger National Park, South Africa
Estimating the sediment trap efficiency of intermittently dry reservoirs: lessons from the Kruger National Park, South Africa
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估计间歇性干涸水库的沉积物捕获效率：南非克鲁格国家公园的经验教训
DOI：
10.1002/esp.4263
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发表时间：
--
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
J Baade
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reinwarth;E S Riddell;C Glotzbach ;J Baade
水库淤积产沙量的评估需要了解水库的拦沙效率（TE）。广泛使用的长期平均TE估算方法依赖于水库蓄水量（C）与其集水面积（A）或年平均流入量（I）的比值。这些方法是从数量有限的水库（N≤ 40）中开发出来的，其中大多数位于温带气候区。它们对接收高度可变径流的水库（如半干旱地区）的普遍适用性受到质疑。在这里，我们研究了短暂流入对位于克鲁格国家公园的10个小型（≤ 280 × 103 m3）间歇性干旱水库TE的影响。进行了实地工作，以确定水库盆地的储存能力。采用日时间步长的皮特曼全径流模型对溢洪事件的发生频率和规模进行了模拟。建立了不同的径流情景，以科普由于缺乏径流记录和不完善的输入数据而产生的不确定性。根据泥沙定额曲线，建立了水沙关系的设想方案。考虑到水文模型的不确定性，从所有情景（N= 9）计算的平均TE估计值的不确定性是中等的，在95%的置信水平下范围从±6到±11%。相比之下，估计TE从存储容量的汇水面积（C/A）的比率引起高的不确定性（35%至65%的范围），但这种不确定性可以被限制（15%至33%）时，后者的方法是结合水文建模。建立的方法依赖于存储容量，平均年流入量（C/I）的比率最有可能导致高估TE的调查水库。这里提出的方法可以用来估计小型，间歇性干旱水库在半干旱气候区的TE。版权所有© 2017约翰威利父子有限公司
The assessment of sediment yield from reservoir siltation requires knowledge of the reservoir's sediment trap efficiency (TE). Widely used approaches for the estimation of the long‐term mean TE rely on the ratio of the reservoir's storage capacity (C) to its catchment size (A) or mean annual inflow (I). These approaches have been developed from a limited number of reservoirs (N≤ 40), most of them located in temperate climate regions. Their general applicability to reservoirs receiving highly variable runoff such as in semi‐arid areas has been questioned. Here, we examine the effect of ephemeral inflow on the TE of 10 small (≤ 280 × 103m3), intermittently dry reservoirs located in the Kruger National Park. Fieldwork was conducted to determine the storage capacity of the reservoir basins. The frequency and magnitude of spillage events was simulated with the daily time step Pitman rainfall–runoff model. Different runoff scenarios were established to cope with uncertainties arising from the lack of runoff records and imperfect input data. Scenarios for the relationship between water and sediment discharge were created based on sediment rating curves. Taking into account uncertainties in hydrological modelling, uncertainties of mean TE estimates, calculated from all scenarios (N= 9), are moderate, ranging from ±6 to ±11% at the 95% confidence level. By comparison, estimating TE from the storage capacity to catchment area (C/A) ratio induces high uncertainty (ranges of 35 to 65%), but this uncertainty can be confined (15 to 33%) when the latter approach is combined with hydrological modelling. Established methods relying on the storage capacity to mean annual inflow (C/I) ratio most probably lead to an overestimation of the TE for the investigated reservoirs. The approach presented here may be used instead to estimate the TE of small, intermittently dry reservoirs in semi‐arid climate regions. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Glotzbach;A Paape;J Baade;B Reinwarth;K Rowntree;J Miller
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
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DOI：
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发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
S. Joubert
影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02538289
发表时间：
1987
期刊：
Swiss journal of hydrology
影响因子：
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作者：
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