A superhydrophobic cone to facilitate the xenomonitoring of filarial parasites, malaria, and trypanosomes using mosquito excreta/feces.
A superhydrophobic cone to facilitate the xenomonitoring of filarial parasites, malaria, and trypanosomes using mosquito excreta/feces.
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一种超疏水锥，可促进使用蚊子排泄物/粪便的丝状寄生虫，疟疾和锥虫的异种调节。
DOI：
10.12688/gatesopenres.12749.2
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Reimer LJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cook DAN;Pilotte N;Minetti C;Williams SA;Reimer LJ
背景资料：分子异种监测（MX），即检测昆虫媒介是否存在人类病原体，有可能提供一种非侵入性和成本效益高的方法来监测社区内的疾病流行情况。目前的MX方法需要捕获和处理大量蚊子，特别是在低流行地区，增加了所需的时间、成本和劳动力。对蚊子释放的排泄物/粪便（E/F）而不是整个尸体进行筛查，由于非病媒在E/F中释放摄入的病原体，因此无需区分病媒物种，从而提高了通量。它还使每个池能够处理更多数量的蚊子。然而，这种新的筛选方法需要一种有效收集E/F的方法。 方法：我们开发了一种具有超疏水表面的锥体，以允许有效收集E/F。使用暴露于恶性疟原虫、马来丝虫或布氏锥虫的蚊子，我们测试了超疏水锥的性能以及其他两种收集方法。 结果：所有采集方法均能检测到三种寄生虫的DNA。使用超疏水锥将E/F存款到一个小管中提供了最高数量的阳性样品（18个中的16个），并促进了对来自个体蚊子的E/F中寄生虫DNA的检测。进一步的测试表明，在简单的清洗步骤之后，圆锥体可以多次重复使用，进一步提高了其成本效益。 结论：将超疏水圆锥体放入蚊子诱捕器或保持容器中可以提供一种简单有效的收集E/F的方法。如果无法做到这一点，则擦拭容器或使用清洗方法有助于检测本研究中使用的三种寄生虫。
Background: Molecular xenomonitoring (MX), the testing of insect vectors for the presence of human pathogens, has the potential to provide a non-invasive and cost-effective method for monitoring the prevalence of disease within a community. Current MX methods require the capture and processing of large numbers of mosquitoes, particularly in areas of low endemicity, increasing the time, cost and labour required. Screening the excreta/feces (E/F) released from mosquitoes, rather than whole carcasses, improves the throughput by removing the need to discriminate vector species since non-vectors release ingested pathogens in E/F. It also enables larger numbers of mosquitoes to be processed per pool. However, this new screening approach requires a method of efficiently collecting E/F. Methods: We developed a cone with a superhydrophobic surface to allow for the efficient collection of E/F. Using mosquitoes exposed to either Plasmodium falciparum, Brugia malayi or Trypanosoma brucei brucei, we tested the performance of the superhydrophobic cone alongside two other collection methods. Results: All collection methods enabled the detection of DNA from the three parasites. Using the superhydrophobic cone to deposit E/F into a small tube provided the highest number of positive samples (16 out of 18) and facilitated detection of parasite DNA in E/F from individual mosquitoes. Further tests showed that following a simple washing step, the cone can be reused multiple times, further improving its cost-effectiveness. Conclusions: Incorporating the superhydrophobic cone into mosquito traps or holding containers could provide a simple and efficient method for collecting E/F. Where this is not possible, swabbing the container or using the washing method facilitates the detection of the three parasites used in this study.