Changes in UK Wage Inequality Over the Last Forty Years
Changes in UK Wage Inequality Over the Last Forty Years
复制标题
过去四十年英国工资不平等的变化
DOI：
10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199587377.003.0012
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Machin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Machin
自20世纪70年代末以来，英国的工资不平等显著上升。高收入工人和低收入工人之间的差距扩大最快的时期发生在1980年代，在整个分配过程中，收入差距都在扩大。在1990年代，变化较为温和，但工资差距继续扩大。在21世纪初，出现了一个相当不同的画面，上尾工资不平等继续上升，但下尾工资不平等停滞不前。劳动力市场的标准供求模型在解释这些观察到的变化中的一部分（但不是全部）方面比较成功。此外，在2000年代，全国最低工资可能是造成尾部工资不平等停滞不前的原因。
Key findings Wage inequality has risen significantly in the UK since the late 1970s. The most rapid widening out of the gap between high and low paid workers occurred in the 1980s, where earnings gaps widened throughout the distribution. In the 1990s, changes were more muted, but wage gaps continued to rise. In the 2000s, a rather different picture emerged, with upper tail wage inequality continuing to rise, but lower tail wage inequality stagnating. The standard supply-demand model of the labour market is relatively successful in accounting for some, but not all, of these observed changes. In addition in the 2000s, the national minimum wage is likely to have contributed to the stagnancy of lower tail wage inequality.