Computer simulation of syringomyelia in dogs
Computer simulation of syringomyelia in dogs
复制标题
DOI：
10.1186/s12917-018-1410-7
复制
发表时间：
2018-03-09
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Rusbridge, Clare
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cirovic, Srdjan;Lloyd, Robert;Rusbridge, Clare
背景：脊髓空洞症是一种病理状态，其中充满液体的空腔（注射器）在脊髓中形成并扩张。脊髓空洞症通常与颅颈交界处的阻塞和基亚里畸形有关，这在人类和动物中是相似的。一些短头玩具犬，如骑士查尔斯王猎犬（CKCS）特别容易。脊髓灰质炎形成的确切机制尚不确定，因此缺乏临床解释，工程师和数学家已诉诸计算机模型来确定可能导致注射器的物理机制。我们开发了一个计算机模型的脊髓腔的CKCS患有一个大空洞。该模型在颅端激励，以模拟由于与心动周期相关的颅内血容量的移动而引起的脑脊液（CSF）和脊髓的运动。为了模拟正常条件，对CSF规定了运动。结果：正常情况下，SAS内的压力约为400 Pa，脊髓内所有应力分量的压力均为400 Pa。应力沿着脊髓长度方向均匀分布。当颅和脊髓CSF空间之间的阻塞迫使脊髓随着心动周期移动时，脊髓中的剪切应力和轴向正应力显著增加。应力升高最明显的部位与注射器通常形成的轴向位置一致，但它们位于脊髓的周边而不是中央部分。这种升高的应力起源于弯曲的脊髓在其曲率high.Conclusions的位置：结果表明，这是可能的，重复强调脊髓引起的夸张的运动可能是形成初始注射器的原因。需要进一步考虑脐带栓系以及白色和灰质的机械性能差异等因素，以充分探索这种可能性。
Background: Syringomyelia is a pathological condition in which fluid-filled cavities (syringes) form and expand in the spinal cord. Syringomyelia is often linked with obstruction of the craniocervical junction and a Chiari malformation, which is similar in both humans and animals. Some brachycephalic toy breed dogs such as Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCS) are particularly predisposed. The exact mechanism of the formation of syringomyelia is undetermined and consequently with the lack of clinical explanation, engineers and mathematicians have resorted to computer models to identify possible physical mechanisms that can lead to syringes. We developed a computer model of the spinal cavity of a CKCS suffering from a large syrinx. The model was excited at the cranial end to simulate the movement of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the spinal cord due to the shift of blood volume in the cranium related to the cardiac cycle. To simulate the normal condition, the movement was prescribed to the CSF. To simulate the pathological condition, the movement of CSF was blocked.Results: For normal conditions the pressure in the SAS was approximately 400 Pa and the same applied to all stress components in the spinal cord. The stress was uniformly distributed along the length of the spinal cord. When the blockage between the cranial and spinal CSF spaces forced the cord to move with the cardiac cycle, shear and axial normal stresses in the cord increased significantly. The sites where the elevated stress was most pronounced coincided with the axial locations where the syringes typically form, but they were at the perimeter rather than in the central portion of the cord. This elevated stress originated from the bending of the cord at the locations where its curvature was high.Conclusions: The results suggest that it is possible that repetitive stressing of the spinal cord caused by its exaggerated movement could be a cause for the formation of initial syringes. Further consideration of factors such as cord tethering and the difference in mechanical properties of white and grey matter is needed to fully explore this possibility.