Measuring Cognitive Distraction in the Automobile
Measuring Cognitive Distraction in the Automobile
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测量汽车中的认知分心
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
F. Biondi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Strayer;J. Cooper;Jonna Turrill;James R. Coleman;Nathan Medeiros;F. Biondi
进行了三个实验来测量和理解驾驶时的认知分心。实验要求参与者执行不同的脑力任务，包括：听收音机或听磁带上的书；与乘客交谈；使用手持或免提手机；使用基于语音转文本的电子邮件系统；或者使用听觉版本的操作跨度（Operation Span）任务。在第一个（对照）实验中，参与者坐在电脑显示器前完成任务，以确定每个任务的认知工作量。第二个实验是一个驾驶模拟器，其中有一辆领头的车。在任务执行过程中测量制动反应时间和跟随距离。在第三个实验中，参与者在居民区驾驶一辆仪表化的车辆执行任务。使用高清摄像机记录关键位置的眼动数据，如人行横道、双路和四路停车和红绿灯。数据被用来创建一个认知干扰的评级系统，其中听收音机的得分为1.21，使用语音转文本系统的得分为3.06。数据表明，引入基于语音的系统可能会增加驾驶员的注意力。
Three experiments were undertaken to measure and understand cognitive distraction while driving. The experiments involved participants performing different mental tasks including: listening to the radio or a book on tape; conversing with a passenger; using a hand-held or hands-free cell phone; using a speech-to-text based email system; or using an auditory version of the Operation Span (OSPAN) task. In the first (control) experiment, participants performed tasks while seated at a computer monitor to establish the cognitive workload of each task. The second experiment involved a driving simulator with a lead vehicle. Brake reaction time and following distance were measured during the performance of the tasks. In the third experiment, participants drove an instrumented vehicle in a residential area while performing the tasks. High definition cameras were used to record eye movement data at critical locations, such as, pedestrian crosswalks, two- and four-way stops, and stoplights. Data was used to create a rating system for cognitive distraction with listening to the radio at 1.21 and using a speech-to-text system at 3.06. The data suggests that the introduction of voice-based systems may increase driver distraction.