Microsporidia infecting Apis mellifera: coexistence or competition. Is Nosema ceranae replacing Nosema apis?
Microsporidia infecting Apis mellifera: coexistence or competition. Is Nosema ceranae replacing Nosema apis?
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02645.x
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发表时间：
2012-08-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Higes, Mariano
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martin-Hernandez, Raquel;Botias, Cristina;Higes, Mariano
在意大利蜜蜂的某些种群中，Cerebrum微孢子虫被认为是蜜蜂微孢子虫的替代者。然而，这种从一个到另一个的替代是不支持的，当研究分布和流行的两种微孢子虫在专业养蜂场在西班牙领土（横向研究），其季节性模式在实验蜂箱与合并感染或其患病率在个人层面（无论是在工蜂或雄蜂）。然而，N.在所有研究的水平上，cerebrovirus都显示出更高的流行率，这可能表明其发展优于N。apis或它更适合西班牙的条件。此外，这两种微孢子虫显示出不同的模式的偏好，其发展，根据在不同的西班牙生物气候带研究的患病率。最后，所有分析均使用新开发的内部PCR质控品（IPC）进行，这一事实保证了从PCR分析中提取的数据的置信度。该IPC为蜜蜂病原体的实验室检测提供了有用的工具。
Nosema ceranae has been suggested to be replacing Nosema apis in some populations of Apis mellifera honeybees. However, this replacement from one to the other is not supported when studying the distribution and prevalence of both microsporidia in professional apiaries in Spanish territories (transverse study), their seasonal pattern in experimental hives with co-infection or their prevalence at individual level (either in worker bees or drones). Nevertheless, N. ceranae has shown to present a higher prevalence at all the studied levels that could indicate any advantage for its development over N. apis or that it is more adapted to Spanish conditions. Also, both microsporidia show a different pattern of preference for its development according to the prevalence in the different Spanish bioclimatic belts studied. Finally, the fact that all analyses were carried out using an Internal PCR Control (IPC) newly developed guarantees the confidence of the data extracted from the PCR analyses. This IPC provides a useful tool for laboratory detection of honeybee pathogens.