Contribution of different limb controllers to modulation of motor cortex neurons during locomotion.
Contribution of different limb controllers to modulation of motor cortex neurons during locomotion.
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.6511-10.2011
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发表时间：
2011-03-23
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Beloozerova IN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zelenin PV;Deliagina TG;Orlovsky GN;Karayannidou A;Dasgupta NM;Sirota MG;Beloozerova IN
在运动过程中，运动皮层的神经元表现出深刻的步进相关的频率调制。这种调制的来源尚不清楚。本研究的目的是揭示不同的肢体控制器（个别肢体的运动机制）的运动皮层神经元在运动过程中的周期性调制的贡献。实验在长期使用仪器的猫中进行。在常规的四足运动（对照）以及只有一对肢体（前、后、右或左）行走而另一对肢体站立时，记录单个神经元的活动。在这些神经元的调制模式（他们的放电曲线相对于步骤周期）在控制和不同的双足运动任务的比较显示了几组神经元，从不同的肢体控制器接收不同的输入组合。在大多数（73%）的神经元从前肢区的运动皮层，调制控制过程中完全由前肢控制器（右，左或两者），而在少数（27%）后肢控制器也作出了贡献。相比之下，只有30%的神经元从后肢区调制完全由后肢控制器（右或两者），而在70%的人，前肢的控制器也作出了贡献。我们认为，这种组织的输入允许运动皮层，以促进在运动过程中的每一个腰带内的左右肢体协调，它也允许后肢神经元参与协调的运动与前肢的后肢。
During locomotion, neurons in motor cortex exhibit profound step-related frequency modulation. The source of this modulation is unclear. The aim of this study was to reveal the contribution of different limb controllers (locomotor mechanisms of individual limbs) to the periodic modulation of motor cortex neurons during locomotion. Experiments were conducted in chronically instrumented cats. The activity of single neurons was recorded during regular quadrupedal locomotion (control), as well as when only one pair of limbs (fore, hind, right, or left) was walking while another pair was standing. Comparison of the modulation patterns in these neurons (their discharge profile with respect to the step cycle) during control and different bipedal locomotor tasks revealed several groups of neurons that receive distinct combinations of inputs from different limb controllers. In the majority (73%) of neurons from the forelimb area of motor cortex, modulation during control was determined exclusively by forelimb controllers (right, left or both), while in the minority (27%) hindlimb controllers also contributed. By contrast, only in 30% of neurons from the hindlimb area was modulation determined exclusively by hindlimb controllers (right or both), while in 70% of them, the controllers of forelimbs also contributed. We suggest that such organization of inputs allows the motor cortex to contribute to the right-left limbs coordination within each of the girdles during locomotion, and that it also allows hindlimb neurons to participate in coordination of the movements of the hindlimbs with those of the forelimbs.