Effects of multilayer snow scheme on the simulation of snow: Offline Noah and coupled with NCEP CFSv2
Effects of multilayer snow scheme on the simulation of snow: Offline Noah and coupled with NCEP CFSv2
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/2016ms000845
复制
发表时间：
2017-03
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Hanlei Zhou;C. You;Ronghua Jin;Pan Wu;Qiong Li;Chunmao Han
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hanlei Zhou;C. You;Ronghua Jin;Pan Wu;Qiong Li;Chunmao Han
Noah 2.7.1版是一个中等复杂的陆面模式（LSM），具有单层积雪，结合植被和下伏土壤层。许多先前的研究已经指出了雪的模拟中的偏差，这可能会阻碍与诺亚相结合的预测系统的技能。为了改善诺亚号对雪的模拟，引入了多层雪方案（最多六层）。由于诺亚是美国国家环境预测中心（NCEP）气候预报系统第二版（CFSv2）的陆面组成部分，因此修改后的诺亚也与CFSv2相结合。离线LSM在雪季（10月至6月）的雪深，雪水当量（SWE）和积雪面积的模拟显示出很大的改善。CFSv2与修改后的诺亚揭示了一个显着的改善，在模拟雪深和2米的空气温度和温和的改善SWE。正如先前的诊断和敏感性研究所建议的那样，CFSv2对雪模拟的改进导致印度次大陆干燥偏差的减少（最多减少2 mm d−1）。多层雪方案在模拟雪和印度夏季风降雨方面显示出良好的效果，因此这一发展可能是CFS未来版本的一部分。
The Noah version 2.7.1 is a moderately complex land surface model (LSM), with a single layer snowpack, combined with vegetation and underlying soil layer. Many previous studies have pointed out biases in the simulation of snow, which may hinder the skill of a forecasting system coupled with the Noah. In order to improve the simulation of snow by the Noah, a multilayer snow scheme (up to a maximum of six layers) is introduced. As Noah is the land surface component of the Climate Forecast System version 2 (CFSv2) of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), the modified Noah is also coupled with the CFSv2. The offline LSM shows large improvements in the simulation of snow depth, snow water equivalent (SWE), and snow cover area during snow season (October to June). CFSv2 with the modified Noah reveals a dramatic improvements in the simulation of snow depth and 2 m air temperature and moderate improvements in SWE. As suggested in the previous diagnostic and sensitivity study, improvements in the simulation of snow by CFSv2 have lead to the reduction in dry bias over the Indian subcontinent (by a maximum of 2 mm d−1). The multilayer snow scheme shows promising results in the simulation of snow as well as Indian summer monsoon rainfall and hence this development may be the part of the future version of the CFS.