ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION OF DENSE GASES
ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION OF DENSE GASES
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev.fl.21.010189.001533
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发表时间：
1989
影响因子：
27.7
通讯作者：
R. Britter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Britter
在过去十年中，公众对使用危险材料带来的风险的担忧明显增加。1976年在意大利塞维索释放的二恶英、1984年在印度博帕尔释放的异氰酸甲酯以及同年在墨西哥城发生的液化石油气爆炸，都强调了可能伴随危险材料活动而来的悲剧的规模。要制定适当的监管措施，以便在经济利益和伴随这类活动的潜在危害之间取得可接受的平衡，就需要对材料意外释放到环境中的后果进行定量评估。通常的情况是，危险的工业材料，无论它们是易燃的还是有毒的，在释放到大气中时会产生比环境更稠密的云。危险分析员感兴趣的关于稠密气体扩散的信息包含在作为空间坐标和时间函数的浓度分布中。通常，这些信息仅以摘要形式提供，例如
Public concern over the risks posed by the use of hazardous materials has grown markedly over the past decade. The dioxin release in Seveso (Italy) in 1976, that of methyl isocyanate in Bhopal (India) in 1984, and the liquefied petroleum gas explosions in Mexico City in the same year emphasized the possible scale of the tragedies that may accompany activi ties involving hazardous materials. The development of appropriate regulatory measures to achieve an ac ceptable balance between economic benefit and potential harm accom panying such activities requires quantitative assessment of the conse quences of the accidental release of material into the environment. It is commonly the case that hazardous industrial materials, be they flammable or toxic, produce a cloud, upon release into the atmosphere, that is denser than the environment. The information on dense-gas dispersion that is of interest to the hazards analyst is contained in the distribution of concentration as a function of the spatial coordinates and time. Very often, this information is required only in summary form, such as