Invasive Spartina and reduced sediments: Shanghai's dangerous silver bullet
Invasive Spartina and reduced sediments: Shanghai's dangerous silver bullet
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DOI：
10.1093/jpe/rtn007
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发表时间：
2008-06-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Chen, Jiakuan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Jiquan;Zhao, Bin;Chen, Jiakuan
AimsThis综合文件的开发，以提供一个总结的生态，社会经济的挑战，面临的河口湿地长江三角洲。MethodsWe结合文献回顾河口湿地和地面测量的沉积，植被，碳通量，以说明可预见的危机，在管理这些湿地，发挥关键作用，在上海的城市发展。在长江与太平洋的交汇处，沿着大陆和岛屿海岸线的40000 km（2）三角洲沉积了4.15 x 10（8）mg/年的悬浮沉积物，导致自1951年以来陆地平均以64 m/年的速度向外生长。然而，2003年三峡大坝的建成，以及更早的大坝工程，降低了岛屿的沉积和增长速度。为了满足对土地和农业日益增长的需求，政策制定者试图通过在沿海地区筑堤和引进互花米草（Spartina alterniflora）来扩大岛屿，互花米草是一种原产于美国东南部潮汐盐沼的草，但对中国来说是外来的。大米草是国家环保总局公布的16种最大外来入侵物种之一。该物种的成功种植和迅速传播增加了沿海地区的产量和肥力，但以牺牲当地生态系统为代价。我们概述了社会，经济和生态的争议，这种土地管理战略的较量中的全球warming.Important findingsCombinations这些变化，包括海平面上升，改变风暴模式和沿岸流，与米草的持续蔓延，人口增长，河流流量和泥沙减少将使目前的管理站不住脚。
AimsThis synthesis paper is developed to provide a summary of ecological, socioeconomic challenges facing the estuarine wetlands within the Yangtze River delta.MethodsWe combined literature review of the estuarine wetlands and ground measurements of sedimentation, vegetation, and carbon fluxes to illustrate the foreseeable crises in managing these wetlands that play a critical role in Shanghai's urban development. Where the Yangtze River meets the Pacific Ocean, 4.15 x 10(8) mg/year of suspended sediments are deposited along mainland and island shorelines of the 40 000 km(2) delta-resulting in an average growth rate of land outwards 64 m/year since 1951. However, completion of the Three Gorges Dam in 2003, and earlier dam projects, reduced the rates of sedimentation and growth of the islands. To meet the increasing demands for lands and agriculture, policymakers have attempted to enlarge the islands by diking coastal areas and introducing Spartina alterniflora-a grass native to tidal salt marshes of the southeastern USA but exotic to China. Spartina is one of the 16 greatest invasive species listed by the State Environmental Protection Administration of China. successful plantations and rapid spread of this species have increased the production and fertility of the coast, but at the cost of native ecosystems. We outline the social, economic, and ecological controversies related to this land management strategy in the contest of global warming.Important findingsCombinations of these changes, including sea level rise, and alterations to storm patterns and long-shore currents, with the continued spread of Spartina, human population growth, and river flow and sediment reduction will make current management untenable.