Understanding and shifting drug-related decisions: contributions of automatic decision-making processes.
Understanding and shifting drug-related decisions: contributions of automatic decision-making processes.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11920-015-0607-8
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发表时间：
2015-08
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Vadhan NP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carpenter KM;Bedi G;Vadhan NP
虽然药物使用很常见，但只有少数使用药物或酒精的人会出现问题。了解从药物使用过渡到滥用的根本因素可能会改进预防和干预工作。药物滥用的一个关键特征是，尽管负面后果不断升级，但仍继续决定使用药物或酒精。研究结果突出了两个相对自动的，联想的认知过程和相对控制，审议，理性分析的认知过程的重要性，了解使用药物的情景决策。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了几个认知组件的过程，可能有助于决策，促进物质的使用和滥用，重点是更自动的过程。越来越多的证据表明，这些组成过程的强度的相对差异可以解释从药物使用到滥用过渡的个体差异，并可能为制定新的干预战略提供重要途径。
While substance use is common, only a minority of individuals who use drugs or alcohol develop problematic use. An understanding of the factors underlying the transition from substance use to misuse may improve prevention and intervention efforts. A key feature of substance misuse is ongoing decisions to use drugs or alcohol despite escalating negative consequences. Research findings highlight the importance of both relatively automatic, associative cognitive processes and relatively controlled, deliberative, and rational-analytic cognitive processes, for understanding situational decisions to use drugs. In this review, we discuss several cognitive component processes that may contribute to decision-making that promotes substance use and misuse, with a focus on more automatic processes. A growing body of evidence indicates that relative differences in the strength of these component processes can account for individual differences in the transition from substance use to misuse, and may offer important avenues for developing novel intervention strategies.