Using Learning Analytics to Characterize Student Experimentation Strategies in the Context of Engineering Design
Using Learning Analytics to Characterize Student Experimentation Strategies in the Context of Engineering Design
复制标题
使用学习分析来描述工程设计背景下的学生实验策略
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Alejandra J. Magana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Camilo Vieira;M. Goldstein;Ş. Purzer;Alejandra J. Magana
工程设计是一个复杂的过程。设计过程不能仅仅基于产品或作为简单的测试来评估，因为对于一个问题没有单一的完美设计。一个重要的设计策略是进行实验。知情的设计师进行实验，并使用他们的结果来通知他们的下一步。另一方面，初级设计师很少或根本不做实验，他们做的少数实验涉及混淆变量。这些区分初学者和知情设计师的行为在教育环境中不容易评估，因为它们发生在整个设计过程中。本文提出并评估了一个模型来分析学生与CAD工具的互动，以确定和表征学生使用的不同策略进行实验。一个双重的研究进行了验证模型。第一阶段使用了51名中学生的点击流数据，他们正在设计一个零能耗的房子。点击流数据的分析相比，一个开放式的后测的定性分析。第二阶段将学生所做实验的数量与学生原型的质量相关联。结果表明，该模型可用于识别，表征和评估学生的策略进行实验。
Engineering design is a complex process. The design process cannot be assessed based solely on a product or as a simple test because there is no single perfect design for a problem. An important design strategy is the conduction of experiments. Informed designers carry out experiments and use their outcomes to inform their next steps. On the other hand, beginning designers do little or no experiments, and the few experiments they do involve confounding variables. These behaviours that differentiate beginning and informed designers are not easy to assess in educational settings because they occur throughout the design process. This paper proposes and evaluates a model to analyze student interactions with a CAD tool in order to identify and characterize the different strategies students use to conduct experiments. A two-fold study is carried out to validate the model. The first phase uses the clickstream data of 51 middle school students working on a design project to create a net-zero energy house. The analysis of clickstream data is compared to a qualitative analysis of an open-ended posttest. The second phase correlates the number of experiments students did to the student prototype quality. The results suggest that the proposed model can be used to identify, characterize, and assess student strategies to conduct experiments.