Information and Communication Technologies in the Care of the Elderly: Systematic Review of Applications Aimed at Patients With Dementia and Caregivers.
Information and Communication Technologies in the Care of the Elderly: Systematic Review of Applications Aimed at Patients With Dementia and Caregivers.
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DOI：
10.2196/rehab.5226
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发表时间：
2016-05-02
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Molina-Trinidad, Eva M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Martinez-Alcala, Claudia I;Pliego-Pastrana, Patricia;Molina-Trinidad, Eva M
背景技术背景：医疗保健服务费用不断增加且难以为继，这往往促进了人们对在老年人医疗保健中应用信息和通信技术的兴趣。反过来，地球仪周围的老年人口的空前增长已经敦促机构，公司，行业和政府对老年人的医疗需求作出反应。目的：本综述的目的是系统地确定ICT提供的机会，特别是对痴呆症患者和他们的家庭。对已开发用于帮助阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者及其主要照顾者的ICT应用文献进行了系统回顾。文献检索包括2005年1月至2015年7月在数据库Springer Link、Scopus和Google Scholar中发表的作品。在已发表的论文中，在初始检索中获得了902篇，其中214篇可能相关。纳入的研究符合以下纳入标准：（1）在2005年至2015年期间进行的研究;（2）以英语或西班牙语发表的研究;（3）标题包含关键词的研究;（4）摘要包含ICT应用和AD信息的研究;（5）在索引期刊、会议记录和书籍章节中发表的研究。共有26项研究符合本次综述的纳入标准。其中，16项针对AD患者，10项针对主要照顾者和/或家庭成员。这些研究针对的应用包括辅助技术（44%，7/16），远程护理（37%，6/16）和远程医疗（31%，5/16）。信息系统（56%，9/16）和互联网（44%，7/16）是研究中最常用的使能技术。最后，研究更关注的领域是护理（56%，9/16），治疗（56%，9/16）和管理（50%，8/16）。此外，它被发现，20项研究（77%，8/26）评估他们的信息和通信技术的应用，通过与痴呆症患者和照顾者进行测试。结论：这一系统性综述的主要发现表明，使用信息和通信技术的工具，可以强烈建议被用来作为一种生活方式，在老年人，以提高生活质量的老年人和他们的主要照顾者。由于AD患者在大多数活动中完全依赖，因此有必要关注他们的主要照顾者，以避免压力和抑郁。此外，在护理人员的日常生活中使用信通技术可以帮助他们了解疾病过程，并以对双方都有利的方式管理情况。预计未来有关技术项目的发展可以支持这部分人。
BACKGROUND: The interest in applying information and communications technology (ICT) in older adult health care is frequently promoted by the increasing and unsustainable costs of health care services. In turn, the unprecedented growth of the elderly population around the globe has urged institutions, companies, industries, and governments to respond to older adults' medical needs.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this review is to systematically identify the opportunities that ICT offers to health services, specifically for patients with dementia and their families.METHODS: A systematic review of the literature about ICT applications that have been developed to assist patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and their primary caregivers was conducted. The bibliographic search included works published between January 2005 and July 2015 in the databases Springer Link, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Of the published papers, 902 were obtained in the initial search, of which 214 were potentially relevant. Included studies fulfilled the following inclusion criteria: (1) studies carried out between the years of 2005 and 2015, (2) studies were published in English or Spanish, (3) studies with titles containing the keywords, (4) studies with abstracts containing information on ICT applications and AD, and (5) studies published in indexed journals, proceedings, and book chapters.RESULTS: A total of 26 studies satisfied the inclusion criteria for the current review. Among them, 16 were aimed at the patient with AD and 10 at the primary caregivers and/or family members. The studies targeted applications that included assistive technology (44%, 7/16), telecare (37%, 6/16), and telemedicine (31%, 5/16). The information systems (56%, 9/16) and Internet (44%, 7/16) were the most commonly used enabling technologies for the studies. Finally, areas of attention more covered by the studies were care (56%, 9/16), treatment (56%, 9/16), and management (50%, 8/16). Furthermore, it was found that 20 studies (77%, 8/26) evaluated their ICT applications through carrying out tests with patients with dementia and caregivers.CONCLUSIONS: The key finding of this systematic review revealed that the use of ICT tools can be strongly recommended to be used as a lifestyle in the elderly in order to improve the quality of life for the elderly and their primary caregivers. Since patients with AD are completely dependent in most activities, it is necessary to give attention to their primary caregivers to avoid stress and depression. In addition, the use of ICT in the daily life of caregivers can help them understand the disease process and manage situations in a way that is beneficial for both parties. It is expected that future developments concerning technological projects can support this group of people.