A seroepidemiological survey of the effect of hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B and C virus infections among elementary school students in Siem Reap province, Cambodia
A seroepidemiological survey of the effect of hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B and C virus infections among elementary school students in Siem Reap province, Cambodia
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DOI：
10.1111/hepr.12941
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发表时间：
2018-02-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Tanaka, Junko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fujimoto, Mayumi;Chuon, Channarena;Tanaka, Junko
目的：本研究旨在调查柬埔寨暹粒省小学生乙型肝炎（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染的患病率和发病率，并评估2001年推出的国家婴儿乙型肝炎疫苗接种计划的效果。方法：以2011、2012和2013学年的三年级学生为研究对象；第二次考试时，即2014-2015学年，学生就读五年级或六年级。估算了HBV和HCV感染的发生率和患病率，并分析了完整的HBV序列。结果：在1999年至2005年出生的248名学生（107名男性和141名女性）中，5名学生乙肝表面抗原（HBs-Ag）阳性（2.02％），并且全部感染C基因型。其中4名学生发现了C1亚型，并且意外地获得了完整的基因序列 在来自不同家庭的两名学生中发现了 C1 亚基因型的身份。抗-HBV核心（HBc）和抗-HBs患病率分别为10.89%和16.13%。 25 名学生抗 HBs 呈阳性，而 HBsAg 和抗 HBc 均为阴性（10.08%；估计血清学疫苗接种率）；该比率随着出生年份的增加而显着增加（P = 0.0229）。抗HCV阳性率为2.82%，未检测到HCV RNA。 HBV和HCV感染的估计发病率均为0/1000人年（PY）（95%置信区间分别为0-20.61/1000 PY和0-14.50/1000 PY）。结论：乙型肝炎病毒全基因组测序和血清学分析揭示了HBV在柬埔寨学童中水平传播的可能性。然而，抗-HBc阳性率随着年龄和估计血清学疫苗接种率的增加而下降。
Aim: This study aimed to survey the prevalence and incidence of hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among elementary school students in Siem Reap province, Cambodia and to evaluate the effects of a national infant HBV vaccination program introduced in 2001.Methods: Students in 3rd grade during the 2011, 2012, and 2013 academic years were enrolled in this study; at the time of the second examination, in the 2014-2015 academic year, the students were in 5th or 6th grade. The incidence and prevalence rates of HBV and HCV infection were estimated and full HBV sequences were analyzed.Results: Among 248 students (107 male and 141 female) born between 1999 and 2005, five students were HBV surface antigen (HBs-Ag) positive (2.02%), and all of them were infected with genotype C. Among them, subgenotype C1 was found in four students and, unexpectedly, complete genetic sequence identity of subgenotype C1 was found in two students from different families. The anti-HBV core (HBc) and anti-HBs prevalence rates were 10.89% and 16.13%, respectively. Twenty-five students were positive for anti-HBs and negative for both HBsAg and anti-HBc (10.08%; estimated serological vaccination rate); this rate increased significantly with the birth year (P = 0.0229). Prevalence of anti-HCV was 2.82%, and HCV RNA was not detected. The estimated incidence of HBV and HCV infection were both 0/1000 person-years (PY) (95% confidence interval, 0-20.61/1000 PY and 0-14.50/1000 PY, respectively).Conclusion: Hepatitis B virus full-genome sequencing and serological analysis revealed the possibility of horizontal transmission of HBV among Cambodian schoolchildren. However, the anti-HBc positivity rate decreased along with increasing age and estimated serological vaccination rates.