Underground biomass accumulation of two economically important non-timber forest products is influenced by ecological settings and swiddeners’ management in the Bago Mountains, Myanmar
Underground biomass accumulation of two economically important non-timber forest products is influenced by ecological settings and swiddeners’ management in the Bago Mountains, Myanmar
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DOI：
10.1016/j.foreco.2017.09.015
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发表时间：
2017-11
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Yasuyuki Kosaka;S. Takeda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yasuyuki Kosaka;S. Takeda
落叶混交林中的各种树种、林下竹、灌木和草本植物不仅提供木材，而且还提供非木材森林产品（NTFP），包括燃料、食品和药用植物。对商业提取的非木材森林颗粒的可持续性和经济价值的研究主要针对植物的地上营养成分。然而，由于难以观察这些植物的地下部分，而且在森林管理中较少考虑到非木材森林产品与木材相比价值较低，因此对这些植物地下部分的重要了解有限。本文建立了异速生长模型，预测了萝芙木和魔芋两种植物的根和球茎生物量与其地上部分营养器官的关系。估计地下生物量的两个物种进行了比较，在三个生境类型：一个swidden领域，休耕后的森林，和山脊森林，没有受到swidden农业。单株最长叶的长度解释了地下生物量的积累。serpentina（R2= 0.64，P < 0.001）与地上部茎粗呈线性正相关。珠芽管（R2= 0.92，P < 0.001）。生物量积累量最大的是R. serpentina是在采伐迹地发现的，因为它的光需求性质，这是由冠层覆盖度和叶长之间的显着负相关（Pearson相关系数=-0.612，P < 0.05）支持的。因为A.在除草期间切割石花菜，我们无法测量其在刀耕火种中的生物量积累;然而，农民和田间观察证实了其在刀耕火种中的存在。在生物量积累上，A.在休闲林和山脊林之间观察到球根草。这两个物种在同一年的增长前景看好，火灾发生在砍伐种植表明，地下再生源提供的优势，收获的非木材森林产品，并允许他们共存的砍伐和燃烧的砍伐系统，以及地表火灾在一个森林。这两个物种在休闲植被中的定居可能是由生态和人为因素如A.球根蕨（R. bulbifer）和断根根碎片。蛇在收获后离开，以及这些物种在旱季的休眠期。这项研究揭示了非木材森林产品的种植潜力，适用于社区和农林业种植园，在经历火灾的森林中使用砍伐系统。
Diverse tree species, understory bamboos, shrubs, and herbs in mixed deciduous forests (MDFs) provide not only timber, but also non-timber forest products (NTFPs) in terms of fuel, food, and medicinal plants. Sustainability and the economic value of commercially extracted NTFPs have been studied mainly for the aboveground vegetative components of plants. However, such important knowledge of the underground parts of the plants is limited because of difficulties observing them and lesser consideration of the lower value of NTFPs, compared with timber, in forest management. Here we established allometric models to predict the root and corm biomasses of two plants,Rauvolfia serpentinaandAmorphophallus bulbifer, in relation to their aboveground, vegetative parts. Estimated underground biomasses of the two species were compared among three habitat types: a swidden field, a fallow forest after cultivation, and a ridge forest that was not subjected to swidden agriculture. The length of the longest leaf of each individual plant explained the accumulation of the underground biomass ofR. serpentina(R2= 0.64,P< 0.001) in a positive, linear relationship, and stem diameter at ground level did the same forA. bulbifer(R2= 0.92,P< 0.001). The largest biomass accumulation ofR. serpentinawas found in swidden fields because of its light demanding nature, which was supported by a significant, negative correlation between canopy cover and leaf length (Pearson’s correlation = −0.612,P< 0.05). BecauseA. bulbiferwas cut during weeding time, we could not measure its biomass accumulation in swidden fields; however, its occurrence in swidden fields was confirmed by farmers and field observations. No difference in the biomass accumulation ofA. bulbiferwas observed between the fallow and ridge forests. The promising growth of both species in the same year that a fire occurred during swidden cultivation suggests that the underground regeneration source provides advantages related to the harvesting of NTFPs and allows them to co-exist with slashing and burning in a swidden system, as well as surface fires in an MDF. Establishment of the two species in fallow vegetation was possibly facilitated by ecological and anthropogenic factors such as the reproductive bulbils ofA. bulbiferand the broken root fragments ofR. serpentinaleft after the harvest, as well as the dormancy period of these species during the dry season. This study revealed the cultivation potential of NTFPs that are suitable for community and agroforest plantations using a swidden system in an MDF that experiences fires.