Origin of lead in the United States diet.
Origin of lead in the United States diet.
复制标题
美国饮食中铅的来源。
DOI：
10.1021/es051145e
复制
发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Krogstrand,KayeLStanek
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Manton,WilliamI;Angle,CarolR;Krogstrand,KayeLStanek
1990年至1997年期间，我们报告了在内布拉斯加州奥马哈市采集的1001份来自母亲和儿童的重复饮食、1304份屋尘和手擦样品以及64份气溶胶样品的208 Pb/207 Pb和206 Pb/207 Pb比值。灰尘和湿巾的208 Pb/207 Pb与206 Pb/207 Pb曲线表明，它们含有来自爱达荷州、密苏里州和墨西哥开采的矿石的铅。犹他州不含铅表明这种混合物并不能代表整个国家。气溶胶中的铅具有较窄的同位素比范围，与美国其他地方收集的气溶胶相似。大多数饮食收藏品都含有大量的室内灰尘成分。有些，特别是婴儿的，以铀成因铅为主，206 Pb/207 Pb比值较高。它的来源被认为是钙补充食物，其中钙来自石灰石。铅的另一个来源是钍源，并归因于锡涂层中的铅。农业铅，无论是从土壤（估计从最近发表的分析沉积物），肥料，或农业石灰，不能明确确定的饮食。来自气溶胶的铅，如果存在的话，是微不足道的。
We report208Pb/207Pb and206Pb/207Pb ratios for 1001 duplicate diets collected from mothers and children, 1304 samples of house dust and hand wipes, and 64 samples of aerosols that were taken in Omaha, Nebraska, during the period from 1990 to 1997. A plot of208Pb/207Pb versus206Pb/207Pb for the dust and hand wipes indicates that they contain lead from ores mined in Idaho, Missouri, and Mexico. The absence of lead from Utah suggests that this mixture is not representative of the whole country. The lead in the aerosols has a narrower range of isotope ratios and resembles aerosols collected elsewhere in the United States. Most dietary collections contain a large component of house dust. Some, especially those from infants, are dominated by uranogenic lead with high206Pb/207Pb ratios. Its source is taken to be calcium-supplemented food where the calcium is derived from limestone. Another source of lead is thorogenic and is ascribed to lead in tin coatings. Agricultural lead, whether from soil (estimated from recently published analyses of sedimentary materials), fertilizer, or agricultural lime, could not be unambiguously identified in the diets. Lead derived from aerosols, if present at all, is insignificant.