On the shoulders of giants: Robert G. Edwards, Nobel Laureate.
On the shoulders of giants: Robert G. Edwards, Nobel Laureate.
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站在巨人的肩膀上：诺贝尔奖获得者罗伯特·G·爱德华兹。
DOI：
10.1002/mrd.21259
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Yanagamachi,Ryuzo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Williams,Carmen;Florman,Harvey;Yanagamachi,Ryuzo
It ended a line of investigation stretching back at least 50 years to develop conditions to examine mammalian sperm-egg interaction in vitro. There were the studies starting in the 1930s of mammalian IVF by Gregory Pincus and others, and the 1944 report of human IVF by Miriam Menkin and John Rock. In order to make these early efforts reproducible it was necessary to learn a great deal: that mammalian sperm must be capacitated; that oocytes must mature and have windows of fertility; that the reproductive process is controlled in complex ways by a variety of hormones. Key discoveries during this early phase by Min Chueh (MC) Chang and Colin (Bunny) Austin, among others, provided the essential background for the development by Ryuzo Yanagimachi and Chang in 1963 of the first well-defined system for mammalian in vitro fertilization.At this time Edwards refocused his efforts from animal model systems to human in an effort to assist infertile couples, and by 1968 he reported successful fertilization of human eggs in vitro. During the next decade, he collaborated with Patrick Steptoe, who utilized a new surgical procedure (laparoscopy) to obtain mature human oocytes from the ovary immediately prior to ovulation. They utilized this and other procedures to move from fertilization in the laboratory to the birth of Louise Brown.
