Evaluation of dietary strategies to reduce methane production in ruminants: A modelling approach
Evaluation of dietary strategies to reduce methane production in ruminants: A modelling approach
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DOI：
10.4141/a00-119
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发表时间：
2001-12-01
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Chiquette, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Benchaar, C;Pomar, C;Chiquette, J
本研究的目的是使用建模方法来评估不同的现有营养策略的有效性，以减少反刍动物的甲烷产生。为此，使用了一个修改后的版本的瘤胃消化的机械和动态模型。模拟战略包括：干物质摄入量（干重）、饲料与精料的比率、精料的性质（纤维质与淀粉质精料）、淀粉的类型（缓慢降解与快速降解）、饲料种类（豆科与禾本科）、饲料成熟度、饲料保存方法（干燥与青贮）、饲料加工以及劣质饲料（秸秆）的升级和补充。这项研究表明，数学建模是一个有价值的工具，以评估一个给定的饮食操作的影响，不仅对产甲烷，而且对整个瘤胃系统的代谢。根据干预的性质，甲烷产量可以减少10%至40%。增加饲料中的脂肪和浓缩物的比例降低了甲烷的产生（-7%和-40%）。用淀粉浓缩物替代纤维浓缩物（约22%）和利用较少的瘤胃可降解淀粉（约17%）也降低了甲烷产生。使用更易消化的草料（不太成熟和加工的草料）导致甲烷产量减少（-15%和-21%）。豆科牧草的甲烷产量低于牧草（约28%），青贮饲料的甲烷产量低于干草（约20%）。秸秆的补充或氨化不能减少甲烷的损失，但对瘤胃代谢效率有积极的影响。建模方法表明，减少反刍动物的甲烷产生是一项复杂的挑战。任何策略的实施都必须考虑到对整个瘤胃系统效率的可能影响。
The objective of this study was to use the modelling approach to assess the effectiveness of different existing nutritional strategies to reduce methane production from ruminants. For this purpose, a modified version of a mechanistic and dynamic model of rumen digestion was used. Simulated strategies included: dry matter intake (DMI), forage to concentrate ratio, nature of concentrate (fibrous vs. starchy concentrate), type of starch (slowly vs. rapidly degraded), forage species (legume vs. grass), forage maturity, forage preservation method (dried vs. ensiled), forage processing, and upgrading and supplementation of poor quality forages (straw). This study showed that mathematical modelling is a valuable tool to evaluate the impact of a given dietary manipulation not only on methanogenesis but also on the metabolism of the whole rumen system. Depending on the nature of the intervention, methane production can be reduced by 10 to 40%. Increasing DMI and the proportion of concentrate in the diet reduced methane production (-7 and -40%). Methane production was also decreased with the replacement of fibrous concentrate with starchy concentrate (-22%) and with the utilization of less ruminally degradable starch (-17%). The use of more digestible forage (less mature and processed forage) resulted in a reduction of methane production (-15 and -21%). Methane production was lower with legume than with grass forage (-28%), and with silage compared to hay (-20%). Supplementation or ammoniation of straw did not reduce methane losses, but had a positive impact on the efficiency of rumen metabolism. The modelling approach demonstrated that reduction of methane production from ruminants is a complex challenge. Implementation of any strategy must take into account the possible consequences on the efficiency of the entire rumen system.