A Sequence of Flushing and Drying of Breeding Habitats of Aedes aegypti (L.) Prior to the Low Dengue Season in Singapore.
A Sequence of Flushing and Drying of Breeding Habitats of Aedes aegypti (L.) Prior to the Low Dengue Season in Singapore.
复制标题
在新加坡低登革热季节之前，伊德斯伊蚊（L.）繁殖栖息地的一系列潮红和干燥。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0004842
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发表时间：
2016-07
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Eltahir EA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Seidahmed OM;Eltahir EA
在登革热流行地区，传播表现出季节性和年际变化。为了调查降雨对新加坡登革热季节性的影响，我们于2014年8月至2015年8月在盖朗社区进行了一项纵向调查。这项调查包括每周两次对户外繁殖栖息地的随机检查，并持续监测阳性栖息地。此外，还收集了暴雨观测资料。在所检查的6824个栖息地中，67个含有埃及伊蚊，11个含有白纹伊蚊，24个含有库蚊。埃及伊蚊的主要室外栖息地是暴雨排水沟(54/67)。我们发现，在2014年11月至2015年1月初与东北季风(NE)湿润阶段相关的强烈暴雨之后，80%的排水沟繁殖地点(43/54)已经消失。其后，在2015年1月下旬至2月期间，95%(41/43)的冲厕排水渠在东北地区的干燥阶段已经干涸。2015年5月至8月，在西南季风爆发后，埃及伊蚊在户外繁殖的情况有所回升。在东北偏南开始后，幼虫和蛹的繁殖生境的生产力也降低了。在像新加坡这样潮湿的赤道地区，降雨量随着季风的变化而变化。季风驱动的冲刷和干燥序列塑造了室外埃及伊蚊的季节性繁殖。这一发现可用于优化媒介控制策略，并在气候变化的背景下更好地理解登革热。对埃及伊蚊传播的虫媒病毒疾病--包括登革热、基孔肯雅热、黄热病和寨卡病毒--的日益关注，要求对这种蚊子的繁殖生态有更好的了解。对流行国家蚊媒疾病的一种常见观察是，在雨季开始和繁殖栖息地增加后，蚊媒疾病达到高峰，而在旱季达到低谷。相反，在没有明显旱季的新加坡，在非常潮湿的季风过后，登革热病例会减少。在这里，我们表明，这种季风可能参与了登革热蚊子户外繁殖的强烈季节性减少，通过一系列冲刷和干燥事件。在类似的生态流行病学环境中，冲洗-干燥机制可能会影响媒介生物的季节性丰度。
In dengue-endemic areas, transmission shows both a seasonal and interannual variability. To investigate how rainfall impacts dengue seasonality in Singapore, we carried out a longitudinal survey in the Geylang neighborhood from August 2014 to August 2015. The survey comprised of twice-weekly random inspections to outdoor breeding habitats and continuous monitoring for positive ones. In addition, observations of rainstorms were collected. Out of 6824 inspected habitats, 67 contained Aedes aegypti, 11 contained Aedes albopictus and 24 contained Culex spp. The main outdoors habitat of Aedes aegypti was storm drains (54/67). We found that 80% of breeding sites in drains (43/54) were lost after intense rainstorms related to the wet phase of the Northeast monsoon (NE) between November 2014 and early January 2015. Subsequently, 95% (41/43) of these flushed drains had dried out during the dry phase of the NE in late January-February 2015. A return in the outdoor breeding of Aedes aegypti was observed after the onset of Southwest monsoon (SW) between May and August 2015. There was also a reduction in productivity of breeding habitats for larvae and pupae after the onset of the NE. In wet equatorial regions like Singapore, rainfall varies with the monsoons. A monsoon-driven sequence of flushing and drying shapes the outdoor seasonal abundance of Aedes aegypti. This finding can be used to optimize vector control strategies and better understand dengue in the context of climate change. Increasing concerns about the arboviral diseases transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquito—which include dengue, Chikungunya, yellow fever and Zika virus—demand a better understanding for the breeding ecology of this mosquito. A common observation on mosquito-borne diseases in endemic countries is that they peak following the onset of the rainy season and increase in breeding habitats, while they trough in the dry season. On the contrary, in Singapore, which has no pronounced dry season, dengue cases decrease after a very wet monsoon. Here, we show that this monsoon is likely involved in a strong seasonal reduction of outdoor breeding of the dengue mosquito through a sequence of flushing and drying events. A flushing-drying mechanism may affect the seasonal abundance of the vector in similar eco-epidemiological settings.