Inferring the Process of Human–Chimpanzee Speciation
Inferring the Process of Human–Chimpanzee Speciation
复制标题
推断人类-黑猩猩物种形成的过程
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Schierup
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Mailund;K. Munch;M. Schierup
尽管将人类从猩猩、大猩猩和黑猩猩中分离出来的关键物种形成事件的化石记录很少，但对现存猿类的遗传比较使我们能够分析导致现代人类的物种形成过程。脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）测序技术在过去十年中有了很大的改进，所有类人猿的完整基因组现在都已经绘制出来。对这一丰富数据的分析使我们能够推断出它们的物种形成事件的关键参数。虽然物种形成事件的推断到目前为止都集中在简单的模型上，但开发更好的模型并了解类人猿的物种形成和分化过程是一个活跃的研究领域。在沿着人类谱系的物种中，我们与我们现存的近亲黑猩猩和倭黑猩猩之间的分歧自然受到特别关注。
关键概念：
物种形成事件的群体遗传学模型告诉我们，从今天的基因组数据的时间和模式的古代物种形成。
在沿着基因组排列的变化的基因树中发现了关于物种形成的强有力的信息来源。
通过研究类人猿基因组，我们了解了人类谱系沿着物种形成，其中人类-黑猩猩物种形成特别感兴趣。
这仍然是一个悬而未决的问题，如果这种物种形成是一个干净的（异地）分裂，如果发生在基因流的存在或随后的混合事件。
如果物种形成发生在基因流动的情况下，它可能会留下信号，表明哪些基因首先变得不相容，并推动物种形成。
保留字：
聚结的;
基因组;
杂交;
物种形成;
物种形成基因;
基因树和物种树;
谱系分类不完整;
古基因流
Although the fossil record around the times of the key speciation events that splits humans from orangutans, gorillas and chimpanzees is sparse, genetic comparisons of the extant apes enable us to analyse the process of speciation that lead to modern humans. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequencing technology has improved greatly over the last decade and the complete genomes of all great apes have now been mapped. Analysis of this rich data has enabled the inference of key parameters of their speciation events. Though inference of the speciation events has so far focussed on simple models it is an active area of research to develop better models and understand the processes involved in the speciation and divergence of the great apes. Of the speciations along the human lineage, the split between ourselves and our closest living relatives, the chimpanzees and bonobos, naturally receives special attention.
Key Concepts:
Population genetics modelling of speciation events informs us of the timing and mode of ancient speciations from present day genomic data.
A strong source of information about speciation is found in the changing gene trees along a genomic alignment.
By studying great ape genomes we learn about the speciations along the human lineage, where the human–chimpanzee speciation is of special interest.
It is still an open question if this speciation was a clean (allopatric) split or if occurred in the presence of gene flow or was followed by admixture events.
If the speciation happened in the presence of gene flow it might have left signals of which genes first became incompatible and drove the speciation.
Keywords:
coalescent;
genome;
hybridisation;
speciation;
speciation genes;
gene trees and species trees;
incomplete lineage sorting;
ancient gene flow
具有迁移和重组的结构化总体的顺序马尔可夫条件抽样分布
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Steinrücken
通讯作者：
Steinrücken
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Chen, FC;Li, WH
通讯作者：
Li, WH