Explosive morphological diversification of spiny-finned teleost fishes in the aftermath of the end-Cretaceous extinction
Explosive morphological diversification of spiny-finned teleost fishes in the aftermath of the end-Cretaceous extinction
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2009.2177
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发表时间：
2010-06-07
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Friedman, Matt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Friedman, Matt
刺鳍硬骨鱼类（棘形目）包括近三分之一的所有活的脊椎动物物种，并承担一个令人困惑的数组bodyplans，但现代棘形生物多样性的宏观进化组装仍然在很大程度上未被探索。在这里，我重建的轨迹形态多样化，在这一主要的辐射，从它的第一次出现在晚白垩世到中新世使用几何形态数据库，包括600多个灭绝的物种已知的完整的身体化石。在整个白垩纪，棘形动物的解剖多样性（差异）很低，在白垩纪-古近纪（K-P）灭绝之后急剧增加，并且在随后的新生代间隔中几乎没有变化。这种模式的形态多样化出现强大的两个潜在的偏置因素：'Lagerstatten效应'，和非随机分离的罕见和常见的类群沿着表型轴。解剖的轨迹acanthomorph辐射沿沿着系统发育线显示，突然灭绝后增加的差距主要是由营养多样化的现代群体内Percomorpha，一个刺鳍亚支，包含超过15 000个活的物种，并确定为显示相对于背景脊椎动物水平大幅提高多样化率的扩散。古近纪acanthomorph辐射的一个主要组成部分，反映殖民化的形态空间以前所占据的非acanthomorph受害者的K-P。然而，形态多样化的其他方面不能解释这个简单的生态释放模型，这表明多种因素促成了多产的解剖辐射的acanthomorph。
The spiny-finned teleost fishes (Acanthomorpha) include nearly one-third of all living vertebrate species and assume a bewildering array of bodyplans, but the macroevolutionary assembly of modern acanthomorph biodiversity remains largely unexplored. Here, I reconstruct the trajectory of morphological diversification in this major radiation from its first appearance in the Late Cretaceous to the Miocene using a geometric morphometric database comprising more than 600 extinct species known from complete body fossils. The anatomical diversity (disparity) of acanthomorphs is low throughout the Cretaceous, increases sharply and significantly in the wake of the Cretaceous-Palaeogene (K-P) extinction, and shows little change throughout subsequent Cenozoic intervals. This pattern of morphological diversification appears robust to two potential biasing factors: the 'Lagerstatten effect', and the non-random segregation of rare and common taxa along phenotypic axes. Dissecting the trajectory of acanthomorph radiation along phylogenetic lines reveals that the abrupt post-extinction increase in disparity is driven largely by the proliferation of trophically diverse modern groups within Percomorpha, a spiny-fin subclade containing more than 15 000 living species and identified as showing a substantially elevated diversification rate relative to background vertebrate levels. A major component of the Palaeogene acanthomorph radiation reflects colonization of morphospace previously occupied by non-acanthomorph victims of the K-P. However, other aspects of morphological diversification cannot be explained by this simple ecological release model, suggesting that multiple factors contributed to the prolific anatomical radiation of acanthomorphs.