Plant neighborhood shapes diversity and reduces interspecific variation of the phyllosphere microbiome
Plant neighborhood shapes diversity and reduces interspecific variation of the phyllosphere microbiome
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DOI：
10.1038/s41396-021-01184-6
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发表时间：
2022-01-12
期刊：
影响因子：
11
通讯作者：
Koskella, Britt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meyer, Kyle M.;Porch, Robert;Koskella, Britt
与植物叶子表面（即叶际）相关的微生物群落因其在植物健康中的作用而得到越来越多的认识。虽然越来越多的证据表明宿主过滤微生物群的作用，但人们对传播（包括来自邻近植物的传播）如何影响群落组成的了解却少之又少。我们通过为期 3 个月的田间试验，对当地种植番茄、辣椒或豆类植物的植物进行了实验性改造。焦点植物在存在同种或异种特异性邻居（或没有邻居）的情况下以完全因子组合的方式生长。每隔 30 天，收获重点植物并用新的年龄和物种匹配的群体替换，同时允许邻近植物继续生长。细菌群落分析显示，宿主过滤效应的强度（即组成的种间差异）随着时间的推移而减弱。相反，邻近效应的强度随着时间的推移而增加，这表明随着邻近植物生物量的增加，邻近植物的扩散变得更加重要。接下来，我们使用田间植物产生的接种物在温室中进行了交叉接种研究，以直接测试宿主对微生物组的过滤，同时控制传播的方向性和来源。该实验进一步证明，焦点宿主物种、微生物组来源的宿主以及在一种情况下供体宿主的邻居，导致了叶际细菌组成的变化。总体而言，我们的结果表明，局部扩散是叶际聚集的关键因素，而附近邻居身份和生物量或年龄等人口统计因素是叶际微生物组多样性的重要决定因素。
Microbial communities associated with plant leaf surfaces (i.e., the phyllosphere) are increasingly recognized for their role in plant health. While accumulating evidence suggests a role for host filtering of its microbiota, far less is known about how community composition is shaped by dispersal, including from neighboring plants. We experimentally manipulated the local plant neighborhood within which tomato, pepper, or bean plants were grown in a 3-month field trial. Focal plants were grown in the presence of con- or hetero-specific neighbors (or no neighbors) in a fully factorial combination. At 30-day intervals, focal plants were harvested and replaced with a new age- and species-matched cohort while allowing neighborhood plants to continue growing. Bacterial community profiling revealed that the strength of host filtering effects (i.e., interspecific differences in composition) decreased over time. In contrast, the strength of neighborhood effects increased over time, suggesting dispersal from neighboring plants becomes more important as neighboring plant biomass increases. We next implemented a cross-inoculation study in the greenhouse using inoculum generated from the field plants to directly test host filtering of microbiomes while controlling for directionality and source of dispersal. This experiment further demonstrated that focal host species, the host from which the microbiome came, and in one case the donor hosts' neighbors, contribute to variation in phyllosphere bacterial composition. Overall, our results suggest that local dispersal is a key factor in phyllosphere assembly, and that demographic factors such as nearby neighbor identity and biomass or age are important determinants of phyllosphere microbiome diversity.