Cities of Tomorrow – Action Today. URBACT II Capitalisation. Building energy efficiency in European cities
Cities of Tomorrow – Action Today. URBACT II Capitalisation. Building energy efficiency in European cities
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明日之城——今日行动 URBACT II 资本化欧洲城市。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Borghi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. O. Lewis;Sadhbh Ní Hógáin;A. Borghi
城市可以在减少二氧化碳排放和应对气候变化方面发挥领导作用。建筑是欧盟最大的能源消耗部门，并提供了最具成本效益的节约机会。相对于几乎所有其他投资，能源效率改造--在旧建筑中安装更新的能源效率技术--具有成本效益地创造更多分散的就业机会并增强经济活动，降低所有收入水平的企业和家庭的成本，减少排放并提高能源安全。然而，需要大力加强执行雄心勃勃的整栋建筑能效升级方案。消费者在能源效率方面的实际投资与那些似乎符合消费者自身利益的投资之间的差距，要求采取新的融资办法，激励能源效率的升级。太多的欧洲家庭生活在燃料贫困中;解决这一问题不仅仅是为了省钱或减少气候变化的影响，而且对健康、儿童贫困和教育成就都有影响。由于欧洲的建筑存量非常多样化，特别是在历史和传统建筑中，因此没有“一刀切”的解决方案。综合城市战略为应对城市面临的各种挑战提供了手段。这些
这些战略必须将社会、环境和经济政策层面联系起来，将各级负责任的治理联系起来，并让主要利益攸关方参与为每一个市政建筑群执行能效政策。人们尚未普遍认识到所需要的根本性变革的规模和程度。
Cities can lead in the reduction of CO2 emissions and the fight against climate change. Buildings are the largest energy-consuming sector in the EU, and offer the largest cost-effective opportunity for savings. Relative to almost all other investments, energy efficiency retrofit – installing newer energy efficiency technologies in older buildings – cost-effectively creates more distributed jobs and enhances economic activity, reduces costs for businesses and households of all income levels, reduces emissions and improves energy security. However, considerable intensification in the delivery of ambitious whole-building energy efficiency upgrade programmes is needed. The gaps between consumers’ actual investments in energy efficiency and those that appear to be in the consumer’s own interest demand new approaches to finance which incentivise energy efficiency upgrading. Far too many European households are living in fuel poverty; tackling this is not solely about saving money or reducing the impact of climate change, but has implications for health, child poverty, and educational achievement. As the European building stock is highly diverse, particularly in historic and traditional buildings, there are no ‘one-size-fits-all’ solutions. Integrated urban strategies provide the means to tackle the various challenges faced by cities. These
strategies must link together the social, environmental and economic policy dimensions, connect the various levels of responsible governance, and involve the key stakeholders in the implementation of an energy efficiency policy for each municipal building stock. The scale and extent of the radical changes required are not yet generally appreciated.