Mindful attention reduces linguistic intergroup bias.
Mindful attention reduces linguistic intergroup bias.
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注意的注意力减少了语言群体偏见。
DOI：
10.1007/s12671-015-0450-3
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发表时间：
2016-04
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Barsalou LW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tincher MM;Lebois LA;Barsalou LW
一个简短的正念干预减少了有利于自己的内群体和反对自己的外群体的偏见。在语言组间偏向中，个体期望组内成员表现积极，组外成员表现消极。因此，个体会选择带有性格推理的抽象语言来描述这些预期行为，而相反，个体会选择具体、客观的语言来描述意外行为。84名参与者接受了注意力指令（观察他们的想法作为短暂的精神状态）或沉浸指令（专注于思想的生动细节）。在指导之后，参与者观看想象中的组内或组外成员的积极或消极行为的视觉描述，从一组四个描述中选择最佳的语言描述，这些描述在抽象程度上各不相同。浸没组表现出稳健的LIB。然而，正念注意力小组表现出明显缓和的LIB，这表明即使是简短的正念相关指导也可以隐含地减少通过语言延续刻板思维的倾向。这些结果有助于理解促进无偏见思维的机制。
A brief mindfulness intervention diminished bias in favor of one’s in-group and against one’s out-group. In the linguistic intergroup bias (LIB), individuals expect in-group members to behave positively, and out-group members to behave negatively. Consequently, individuals choose abstract language beset with character inferences to describe these expected behaviors, and in contrast, choose concrete, objective language to describe unexpected behaviors. Eighty-four participants received either mindful attention instructions (observe their thoughts as fleeting mental states) or immersion instructions (become absorbed in the vivid details of thoughts). After instruction, participants viewed visual depictions of an imagined in-group or out-group member’s positive or negative behavior, selecting the best linguistic description from a set of four descriptions that varied in abstractness. Immersion groups demonstrated a robust LIB. Mindful attention groups, however, exhibited a markedly tempered LIB, suggesting that even a brief mindfulness-related instruction can implicitly reduce the propensity to perpetuate stereotypical thinking through language. These results contribute to understanding the mechanisms that facilitate unprejudiced thinking.