Implications of redox processes for the rehabilitation of an urban lake, Onondaga Lake, New York
Implications of redox processes for the rehabilitation of an urban lake, Onondaga Lake, New York
复制标题
氧化还原过程对纽约奥农达加湖城市湖泊修复的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Matthews
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Effler;D. Matthews
摘要根据一个长期(1978-2005)监测计划，综述了生活和工业废物对纽约州锡拉丘兹受污染的奥农达加湖氧气资源和氧化还原条件的影响。从这一回顾分析中得到的见解被用来评估氧资源和氧化还原条件补救的管理替代方案。厌氧代谢的减少副产物每年在底层积累，导致秋季周转期间上层水域的溶解氧(DO)浓度较低。较高的天然硫酸盐(SO42-−)浓度促进了DO的枯竭和甲基汞(CH3Hg+)的产生。在秋季混合期间，上游水域每年都会发生DO严重枯竭的情况，这表明从1978年到1996年的较长时间段违反了水质标准。从1997年到2004年，秋季DO的耗竭没有那么严重。据报告，这一改善是因为：(1)在一个行业关闭后，春季周转更加常见；(2)初级生产力下降；(3)大型水蚤从行业关闭后回归；(4)偿还较早初级生产水平较高的历史债务；以及(5)促成生活污水处理设施的全年硝化作用。根据未来污水处理设施磷和氨处理的强制升级，预计氧气资源的进一步改善和二氧化硫−减排的减少。秋季周转期间的普遍DO条件，特别是在强制升级后预期改善的情况下，表明不需要进行亚磁曝气或充氧来达到水质目标。为了抑制SO42-−还原细菌产生CH3Hg+，建议对N03-−的亚磁池进行改进，而不是曝气或充氧。
Abstract A synthesis of the impacts of domestic and industrial wastes on oxygen resources and redox conditions of polluted Onondaga Lake, Syracuse, N.Y., is presented based on a long-term (1978–2005) monitoring program. Insights from this retrospective analysis are used to evaluate management alternatives for the remediation of oxygen resources and redox conditions. Reduced byproducts of anaerobic metabolism accumulated annually in the hypolimnion, causing low dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations in the upper waters during fall turnover. The high natural sulfate (SO4 2−) concentration of the lake promoted DO depletion and the production of methylmercury (CH3Hg+). Severe depletions of DO occurred annually in the upper waters during fall mixing, representing violations of water quality standards for extended intervals from 1978 to 1996. Depletions of DO during fall were less severe from 1997 to 2004. The improvement is reported to be in response to: (1) more routine occurrence of spring turnover following closure of an industry; (2) reduction in primary productivity; (3) return of large bodied Daphnia from closure of the industry; (4) satisfaction of historic debt from earlier higher primary production levels; and (5) year-round nitrification at a contributing domestic wastewater facility. Additional improvements in oxygen resources and decreases in SO4 2− reduction are anticipated based on mandated future upgrades of phosphorus and ammonia treatment at the wastewater facility. Prevailing DO conditions during fall turnover, particularly within the context of anticipated improvements from the mandated upgrades, indicate hypolimnetic aeration or oxygenation is not required to meet water quality goals. Amendments to the hypolimnetic pool of NO3 − are recommended instead of aeration or oxygenation to inhibit production of CH3Hg+ by SO4 2− reducing bacteria.