Multiple routes to solution of single-digit multiplication problems
Multiple routes to solution of single-digit multiplication problems
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DOI：
10.1037/0096-3445.125.3.284
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发表时间：
1996-09-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Sadesky, GS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
LeFevre, JA;Bisanz, J;Sadesky, GS
研究人员假设成年人通过从存储的事实网络中检索答案来解决简单的算术问题。在两项研究中，本科生描述了他们对个位数乘法问题的解决方案。他们报告了大约 80% 的试验的直接检索，但也报告了规则（例如，任何乘以 0 的值都是 0）、重复加法（例如，2 x 4 = 4 + 4）、数字系列（例如，3 x 5 = 5、10、15）和派生投注（例如，6 x 7 = [6 x 6] + 6）。参与者检索最有可能通过非检索程序解决的问题的速度较慢，而检索通常通过检索解决的问题的速度较快。这些结果表明，直接检索模型对成人表现的描述不完整，并且支持学习和经验对简单乘法问题的心理表征的持续影响。
Researchers have assumed that adults solve simple arithmetic problems by retrieving answers from a network of stored facts. In 2 studies, undergraduates described their solutions of single-digit multiplication problems. They reported direct retrieval on approximately 80% of trials, but also reported rules (e.g., anything times 0 is 0), repeated addition (e.g., 2 x 4 = 4 + 4), number series (e.g., 3 x 5 = 5, 10, 15), and derived bets (e.g., 6 x 7 = [6 x 6] + 6). Participants were slower to retrieve problems that were most likely to be solved by nonretrieval procedures and faster to retrieve problems that were usually solved by retrieval. These results indicate that direct-retrieval models are incomplete accounts of adults' performance and support a continuing influence of learning and experience on the mental representation of simple multiplication problems.