On the joys of perceiving: Affect as feedback for perceptual predictions
On the joys of perceiving: Affect as feedback for perceptual predictions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.actpsy.2016.05.005
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发表时间：
2016-09-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Kristjansson, Arni
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chetverikov, Andrey;Kristjansson, Arni
我们如何感知、关注或记住环境中的刺激取决于我们对它们的偏好。在这里，我们认为这种依赖是相互的：快乐和不快乐在很大程度上依赖于认知处理，即依赖于我们正确预测世界的能力。我们提出，预测误差与先验概率成反比，会产生积极或消极影响的主观体验。通过这种方式，我们将情感与预测编码框架内的预测联系起来。我们讨论三个关键因素——不确定性、期望和冲突——如何影响预测的准确性，并展示它们如何塑造我们的情感反应。我们证明，一般来说，可预测的刺激比不可预测的刺激更受欢迎，尽管太多的可预测性可能会降低这种喜欢效应。此外，该帐户成功克服了“暗室”问题，解释了为什么我们不避免刺激以最小化预测误差。我们进一步讨论了我们的方法对艺术感知的影响，以及在预测测试认知架构中情感作为预测反馈的效用。 (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
How we perceive, attend to, or remember the stimuli in our environment depends on our preferences for them. Here we argue that this dependence is reciprocal: pleasures and displeasures are heavily dependent on cognitive processing, namely, on our ability to predict the world correctly. We propose that prediction errors, inversely weighted with prior probabilities of predictions, yield subjective experiences of positive or negative affect. In this way, we link affect to predictions within a predictive coding framework. We discuss how three key factors - uncertainty, expectations, and conflict - influence prediction accuracy and show how they shape our affective response. We demonstrate that predictable stimuli are, in general, preferred to unpredictable ones, though too much predictability may decrease this liking effect. Furthermore, the account successfully overcomes the "dark-room" problem, explaining why we do not avoid stimulation to minimize prediction error. We further discuss the implications of our approach for art perception and the utility of affect as feedback for predictions within a prediction-testing architecture of cognition. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.