Gender differences in a dichotic listening and movement task: lateralization or strategy?
Gender differences in a dichotic listening and movement task: lateralization or strategy?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0028-3932(00)00094-4
复制
发表时间：
2001-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
T. Welsh;D. Elliott
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Welsh;D. Elliott
尽管双耳分听程序已被用作评估言语感知偏侧性的非侵入性神经心理学技术，但它往往低估了言语感知左半球偏侧的右利手人群的比例[Segalowitz SJ，Bryden MP.语言半球表征的个体差异。In：Segalowitz SJ（Ed.），语言功能和大脑组织多伦多：学术出版社，1983年，页。341-72]。这些低估可能是由于传统的两分程序容易受到注意力偏差，报告效果的顺序，和/或记忆效果，模糊大脑半球之间的功能差异。在本研究中，我们使用了一个适应的双耳分听程序，旨在降低这些混淆效应的敏感性。参与者被要求在通过耳机提供的口头提示后尽快移动到两个颜色编码的目标之一。提示词呈现的条件是单耳的（例如，一只耳朵中的“蓝色”和另一只耳朵中的空白音轨）、双耳相同的（例如，两只耳朵中的“蓝色”）和双耳不同的（例如，一只耳朵中的“绿色”和另一只耳朵中的“蓝色”）。93%（28人中的26人）的参与者表现出右耳优势（REA）。还有一个反应时间，运动时间和总反应时间的REA。然而，反应时间和运动错误的模式表明，性别差异，发现利用这种二分法程序可能是由于不同的战略方法的任务，而不是大脑偏侧的差异。总的来说，结果表明，这种新的适应的双耳分听程序是非常敏感的言语感知偏侧化。
Although the dichotic listening procedure has been used as a non-invasive neuropsychological technique for assessing laterality of speech perception, it has tended to underestimate the proportion of the right-handed population that is left-hemisphere lateralized for speech perception [Segalowitz SJ, Bryden MP. Individual differences in hemispheric representation of language. In: Segalowitz SJ (Ed.), Language Functions and Brain Organization. Toronto: Academic Press, 1983, pp. 341–72]. These underestimations may be due to traditional dichotic procedures being susceptible to attentional biases, order of report effects, and/or memory effects that obscure functional differences between the cerebral hemispheres. In the present study, we used an adaptation of the dichotic listening procedure that was designed to be less sensitive to these confounding effects. Participants were required to move as quickly as possible to one of the two color-coded targets following verbal cues presented via headphones. Conditions of cue-word presentation were monaural, (e.g. ‘blue’ in one ear and a blank track in the other), dichotic-same (e.g. ‘blue’ in both ears), and dichotic-different (e.g. ‘green’ in one ear and ‘blue’ in the other). Ninety-three percent (26 of 28) of the participants demonstrated a right ear advantage (REA) for correct responses. There was also a REA for reaction time, movement time, and the total response time. The pattern of reaction time and movement errors, however, suggest that gender differences found utilizing this dichotic procedure may be due to differences in strategic approach to the task rather than to differences in cerebral laterality. Overall, results suggest that this new adaptation of the dichotic listening procedure is very sensitive to lateralization for speech perception.