The voter who wasn’t there: Referenda, representation and abstention
The voter who wasn’t there: Referenda, representation and abstention
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缺席的选民：公投、代表和弃权
DOI：
10.1007/s00355-003-0219-9
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Paulo T. Pereira
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Paulo P. Côrte;Paulo T. Pereira
我们分析单个二元选择投票规则，并确定在这个简单的设置中是否存在缺席悖论，这是实际规则中包含的特定投票率或法定人数条件的结果。由于这些条件是为了确保代表性结果，因此我们将这一问题正式化并得出我们的主要结果：如果可以弃权，则任何投票规则都无法确保代表性，除非对弃权者的偏好范围做出限制性假设。然后，我们关注主要的公投制度，并表明适当的限制确实使它们与代表制兼容。然而，我们论文的主要目的是为公投设计提供一个工具：我们建议有意识地选择如何解释弃权票，并利用这种选择来推导相应的公投规则，而不是对非选民的偏好范围施加任意限制。
We analyze single binary-choice voting rules and identify the presence of the No-Show paradox in this simple setting, as a consequence of specific turnout or quorum conditions that are included in actual rules. Since these conditions are meant to ensure a representative outcome, we formalize this concern and reach our main result: no voting rule can ensure representation if abstention is possible, unless restrictive assumptions are made on the preference domain of abstainers. We then focus on the main referendum systems and show that appropriate restrictions do make them compatible with representation. The main purpose of our paper is, however, to provide a tool for referendum design: rather than imposing arbitrary restrictions on the preference domain of non-voters, we recommend instead that a conscious choice be made on how abstention is to be interpreted and that this choice be used to derive the corresponding referendum rule.