Territorial damselfish enhances multi-species co-existence of foraminifera mediated by biotic habitat structuring
Territorial damselfish enhances multi-species co-existence of foraminifera mediated by biotic habitat structuring
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DOI：
10.1016/s0022-0981(02)00029-1
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发表时间：
2002-04-30
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Nishihira, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hata, H;Nishihira, M
Sesoko的护城河中的珊瑚岩上的pomacentrid雀鲷Stegastes nigricans的领土内外的底栖有孔虫群落的结构。（26 ° 38 ' N，127 ° 52' E）进行了比较。在境内，一个藻类养殖场，即，一种名为Womersleyellasetacea的丝状红藻全年生长茂盛。在该地区以外，在各种食草动物密集和连续放牧的地区，植物群由垫状蓝藻，一种匍匐的草皮状Padina sp.，显微镜下细的花丝和分散的丝状红藻。雀鲷领地内的藻类生物量大于领地外的藻类生物量。这些差异反映在相关有孔虫群落的结构上。根据有孔虫在藻类群落周围的微生境利用情况，将有孔虫种类分为自由生活型、爬行型、定居型和固着型4种生活型，其中自由生活型有孔虫（Peneroplis pertusus）和定居型有孔虫（Quinqueloculina aculum）的丰度在雀鲷领域内高于领域外。境内的物种丰富度也较高，主要是由于自由生活和定居类型的物种丰富度增加。这些丰富度和物种丰富度的增加是由栖息地结构造成的。电视setacea是一个相对较高的和复杂的植物与纠结的假根。境内茂密的林木，积存了大量的沉积物，为有孔虫提供了不均匀而稳定的生境。此外，密集的TV setacea林为定居型有孔虫提供了一个大而复杂的底层，为境内提供了避难所和食物。平板实验结果证实了这一假设，表明有孔虫群落结构受有孔虫和藻类之间的关系控制。我们表明，生境调节是生物生境结构的一个重要过程，领土雀鲷的生境调节维持和增强了珊瑚礁中珊瑚岩石上有孔虫的多物种共存，（C）2002 Elsevier Science B.V.保留所有权利。
The structures of benthic foraminiferal communities inside and outside the territory of the pomacentrid damselfish Stegastes nigricans on coral rocks in a moat of Sesoko Is. (26degrees38' N, 127degrees52' E) in Okinawa, Japan were compared. Inside the territory, an algal farm, i.e., a dense stand of a filamentous rhodophyte, Womersleyella setacea, was maintained throughout the year. Outside the territory, in areas subjected to intensive and continuous grazing by various grazers, the flora was composed of mat-like cyanophytes, a prostrate turf-form Padina sp., microscopically thin filaments and scattered filamentous rhodophytes. Algal biomass was greater inside the territory than outside the territory of the damselfish. These differences were reflected by the structure of the associated foraminiferal communities. We classified foraminiferal species based on their microhabitat use around algal communities into four life types: free-living type, crawling type, sedentary type, and sessile type, The abundance of foraminifera, especially the free-living type (e.g,, Peneroplis pertusus and Quinqueloculina seminulum) and sedentary type (Rosalina globularis and Cymbaloporetta squammosa), was greater inside the territory of the damselfish than outside the territory. Species richness was also higher inside the territory, mainly due to an increase in species richness of the free-living and sedentary types. These increases in abundance and species richness were caused by habitat structuring. TV setacea is a relatively tall and complicated alga with tangled rhizoids. Its dense stand inside the territory trapped a larger amount of sediment, which provided free-living foraminifera with heterogeneous and stable habitats. In addition, the dense stand of TV setacea provided sedentary-type foraminifera with a large, complex substratum, providing refuge and food inside the territory. This assumption was confirmed by the results of plate experiments showing that foraminiferal community structures were controlled by associations between foraminifera and algae. We showed that habitat-conditioning is an important process in biotic habitat-structuring and that habitat-conditioning by territorial damselfish maintains and enhances multi-species coexistence of foraminifera on coral rocks in a coral reef, (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.