Radiological hazards of Narghile (hookah, shisha, goza) smoking: activity concentrations and dose assessment
Radiological hazards of Narghile (hookah, shisha, goza) smoking: activity concentrations and dose assessment
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvrad.2008.07.005
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发表时间：
2008-12-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Chaouachi, Kamal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Khater, Ashraf E. M.;El-Aziz, Nawal S. Abd;Chaouachi, Kamal
Narghile（水烟，shisha，goza，“水管”）吸烟已成为世界各地的时尚。它的烟草糊，被称为莫塞尔和朱拉克，没有标准化，通常含有约30-50%（有时更多）的烟草，糖蜜/甘蔗汁，各种香料和干果（特别是在朱拉克），在莫塞尔的情况下，甘油和调味香精。烟草中含有微量的放射性有毒元素，如铅-210，钚-210和铀，这些元素通过吸烟吸入。关于烟草混合物中天然放射性核素浓度的数据很少。因此，本研究的目的是得出第一个结论的潜在危害的放射性在moassel烟草与narghile吸烟。结果表明，该地区放射性含量存在较大的变化范围，U-238、Th-234、Ra-226、Pb-210、Po-210、Th-232和K-40的平均活度浓度（范围）分别为55（19-93）、11（3-23）Bq/kg干重。3（1.2-8）、14（3-29）、13（7-32）、7（4-10）和719（437-1044）Bq/kg干重。莫塞尔烟草糊中天然放射性核素的平均浓度与希腊卷烟和烟叶中的浓度相当，但低于巴西烟叶。吸烟后，这些放射性核素在烟雾，烟灰和过滤嘴之间的分布模式是未知的，除了在吸烟过程中的Po-210和一项现有的研究中的moassel吸烟。计算了天然放射性核素摄入引起的放射性剂量估算值，并简要讨论了所测放射性核素可能的放射毒性。(C)2008爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Narghile (hookah, shisha, goza, "water-pipe") smoking has become fashionable worldwide. Its tobacco pastes, known as moassel and jurak, are not standardized and generally contain about 30-50% (sometimes more) tobacco, molasses/juice of sugarcane, various spices and dried fruits (particularly in jurak) and, in the case of moassel, glycerol and flavoring essences. Tobacco contains minute amounts of radiotoxic elements such as Pb-210, Po-210 and uranium, which are inhaled via smoking. Only very few data have been published on the concentrations of natural radionuclides in narghile tobacco mixtures. Consequently, the aim of this study was to draw first conclusions on the potential hazards of radioactivity in moassel tobacco in relation to narghile smoking. The results indicate the existence of a wide range in the radioactivity contents where the average (range) activity concentrations of U-238, Th-234 Ra-226, Pb-210, Po-210, Th-232 and K-40, in Bq/kg dry weight were 55 (19-93),11 (3-23). 3 (1.2-8),14 (3-29),13 (7-32), 7 (4-10) and 719 (437-1044) Bq/kg dry weight, respectively. The average concentrations of natural radionuclides in moassel tobacco pastes are comparable to their concentration in Greek cigarettes and tobacco leaves, and lower than that of Brazilian tobacco leaves. The distribution pattern of these radionuclides after smoking, between smoke, ash and filter, is unknown, except for Po-210 during cigarette smoking and from one existing study during moassel smoking. Radiological dose assessment due to intake of natural radionuclides was calculated and the possible radio-toxicity of the measured radionuclides is briefly discussed. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.