Carry-over effects reveal reproductive costs in a long-distance migrant
Carry-over effects reveal reproductive costs in a long-distance migrant
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2656.2010.01712.x
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Bearhop, Stuart
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Inger, Richard;Harrison, Xavier A.;Bearhop, Stuart
P>1。一段时间以来，人们就知道动物一生中某一时刻做出的“决定”的后果可能并不总是立即承担。例如，大量研究已经证明了跨多个类群当前和未来育种成功之间的权衡。2。越来越清楚的是，这种过程也可能在季节之间发挥作用，因此年度周期中某一时刻经历的条件可能会对下游产生重大影响，或“遗留效应”，这在迁徙物种中尤其明显。因此，我们可以预测，繁殖和迁徙策略的某些组合可能会产生深远的遗留影响。然而，这些现象在多大程度上可能在种群内产生适应性差异尚不清楚。3．在这里，我们研究了父母长期照顾的长途迁徙者（浅腹布伦特鹅）的冬季栖息地选择如何受到父母身份的影响，以及这如何对随后的繁殖成功产生违反直觉的影响。4。占主导地位的个人和群体通常垄断最优质的资源。就鹅而言，家族占主导地位。然而，我们的研究结果凸显了养育家庭的隐性成本。稳定同位素分析表明，在非繁殖季节后期，有家庭的成年人利用的资源质量低于非繁殖者。这可能是由于幼体的觅食效率较低，导致父母在栖息地选择上受到限制。因此，亲代成虫在冬季结束时的状况比非繁殖者更差。5。我们进一步证明，一年中的父母在下一年再次繁殖的可能性低于预期，并表明这是由非繁殖期的条件延续到繁殖季节造成的。总之，我们证明了以前养育家庭的隐性成本，这对于生活史的演变可能很重要。
P>1. It has been known for some time that the consequences of 'decisions' made at one point in an animal's life may not always be borne immediately. For example, numerous studies have demonstrated the trade-off between current and future breeding success across multiple taxa.2. It is becoming increasingly clear that such processes may also operate among seasons, such that the conditions experienced at one point in the annual cycle may have significant downstream impacts, or 'carry-over effects', and this is particularly evident among migratory species. We might therefore predict that certain combinations of reproductive and migratory strategy could lead to profound carry-over effects. However, the extent to which these phenomena might generate variation in fitness within a population is unclear.3. Here, we investigate how winter habitat selection in a long-distance migrant, with extended parental care (the Light-bellied Brent goose) is influenced by parental status and how this has a counterintuitive effect on subsequent breeding success.4. Dominant individuals and groups generally monopolize the best quality resources. In the case of geese, families are dominant; however, our findings highlight a hidden cost to raising a family. Stable isotope analysis demonstrates that later in the non-breeding season, adults with families utilize lower quality resources than non-breeders. This is probably caused by parents being constrained in habitat choice by the lower foraging efficiency of their juveniles. Consequently, parental adults end the winter in poorer condition than non-breeders.5. We further demonstrate that parents in one year are less likely than expected to breed again in the next year and suggest that this is caused by conditions during the non-breeding period being carried over into the breeding season. In conclusion, we demonstrate previously hidden costs to raising a family, which are likely to be important in terms of life-history evolution.