Dendritic cells in atherosclerosis: Functions in immune regulation and beyond
Dendritic cells in atherosclerosis: Functions in immune regulation and beyond
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DOI：
10.1160/th11-05-0296
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发表时间：
2011-11-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Zernecke, Alma
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Manthey, Helga D.;Zernecke, Alma
慢性炎症会导致动脉粥样硬化的发展。树突状细胞（DC）被认为是适应性免疫反应以及免疫记忆和耐受性发展的中心介质。 DC 存在于未患病的动脉中，并在动脉粥样硬化病变内积聚，可位于 T 细胞附近。最近的工作揭示了 DC 在调节动脉粥样硬化形成中的免疫机制中的重要功能，并且已经探索了使用 DC 的疫苗接种策略来治疗疾病。然而，根据与斑块巨噬细胞的表型和功能重叠，血管树突状细胞也被鉴定为吞噬脂质，从而导致血管壁的脂质负担和病变生长的开始。此外，DCs 调节胆固醇稳态的功能也已被揭示。最后，在动脉粥样硬化病变中发现了表型不同的浆细胞样树突状细胞（pDC）。本综述将剖析 DC 和 pDC 对动脉粥样硬化的发生和进展的多方面贡献，以及在治疗性疫苗接种策略中利用 DC 的实验方法。
Chronic inflammation drives the development of atherosclerosis. Dendritic cells (DCs) are known as central mediators of adaptive immune responses and the development of immunological memory and tolerance. DCs are present in non-diseased arteries, and accumulate within atherosclerotic lesions where they can be localised in close vicinity to T cells. Recent work has revealed important functions of DCs in regulating immune mechanisms in atherogenesis, and vaccination strategies using DCs have been explored for treatment of disease. However, in line with a phenotypical and functional overlap with plaque macrophages vascular DCs were also identified to engulf lipids, thus contributing to lipid burden in the vessel wall and initiation of lesion growth. Furthermore, a function of DCs in regulating cholesterol homeostasis has been revealed. Finally, phenotypically distinct plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) have been identified within atherosclerotic lesions. This review will dissect the multifaceted contribution of DCs and pDCs to the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis and the experimental approaches utilising DCs in therapeutic vaccination strategies.