Adult age differences in the use of prosody for syntactic parsing and recall of spoken sentences.
Adult age differences in the use of prosody for syntactic parsing and recall of spoken sentences.
复制标题
使用韵律进行句法分析和口语句子回忆的成人年龄差异。
DOI：
10.1093/geronj/47.5.p350
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Stine,EA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wingfield,A;Wayland,SC;Stine,EA
在这个实验中，年轻人和老年人通过计算机控制的时间压缩来听和回忆不同语速的句子。在每个语音速率的句子中，有一半的句子呈现出正常的韵律模式，加强了句子的词汇定义的句法结构，一半的句子呈现出与该结构相冲突的韵律轮廓。无论是年轻人还是老年人，当语速较慢，韵律与句法结构一致时，他们的回忆都更好，但老年人的回忆效果更大。当句法和韵律被放置在冲突中，老年人比年轻人更有可能重建所提出的句子的词汇内容，以产生与韵律标记一致的句法结构的反应。虽然老年人可能处于不利地位的快速语音输入率，我们表明，他们依赖于正常的韵律，以帮助句法分析作为一个步骤，对语言理解。
In this experiment, young and elderly adults listened to and recalled sentences that were varied in speech rate through computer-controlled time compression. Half of the sentences at each speech rate were presented with a normal prosodic pattern that reinforced the lexically defined syntactic structure of the sentences, and half were presented with a prosodic contour that conflicted with that structure. Both young and elderly subjects showed better recall for slower speech rates and when prosody was consistent with syntactic structure, but these effects were larger for elderly subjects. When syntax and prosody were placed in conflict, elderly subjects were more likely than the young to reconstruct the lexical content of the presented sentences to produce responses with a syntactic structure consistent with the prosody marking. Although elderly adults may be disadvantaged by rapid speech input rates, we show that they rely on normal prosody to aid syntactic parsing as a step toward language comprehension.