Empathy, Depressive Symptoms, and Self-Esteem in Adolescence: The Moderating Role of the Mother-Adolescent Relationship
Empathy, Depressive Symptoms, and Self-Esteem in Adolescence: The Moderating Role of the Mother-Adolescent Relationship
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DOI：
10.1007/s10826-018-1216-z
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发表时间：
2018-12-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Luyckx, Koen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Green, Lindsey M.;Missotten, Lies;Luyckx, Koen
大量文献支持共情在社会情感发展和功能中的重要作用。虽然已知移情缺陷与适应不良行为有关，但很少有文献记载过度移情的影响，它被发现与各种内化问题（如抑郁症）有关。共情有两种类型，认知和情感，它们以不同的方式表现出来，因此对结果有不同的影响。因此，在724名比利时青少年（m -年龄=13.83 +/- 0.96）的样本中，本研究试图阐明认知和情感共情对抑郁症状和自尊的影响。我们还探讨了共情和青少年感知的母子关系质量在预测结果中的交互作用。结果显示，情感共情和认知共情同时预测结果，情感共情预测更多的适应不良结果，认知共情预测更多的积极结果。情感共情与关系质量指标之间存在交互效应。然而，认知共情没有发生相互作用。此外，纵向数据显示，只有认知共情具有长期影响（预测积极的结果，如较低的抑郁水平和较高的自尊水平），这表明认知共情可能是一个保护因素。讨论了今后研究的局限性和建议。
A large body of literature provides support for the role of empathy as a prominent factor in socio-emotional development and functioning. Although deficits in empathy are known to associate with maladaptive behaviors, less literature documents the effects of excessive empathy, which has been found to relate to various internalizing problems such as depression. There are two types of empathy, cognitive and affective, which manifest themselves in different ways and thus, have differential effects on outcomes. Therefore, in a sample of 724 Belgian adolescents (M-age=13.83 +/-.96), the present study sought to elucidate the effects of cognitive and affective empathy on depressive symptoms and self-esteem. We also explored the interactive effects of empathy and adolescent perceived mother-child relationship quality in the prediction of our outcomes. Results revealed affective and cognitive empathy predicted outcomes concurrently, with affective empathy predicting more maladaptive outcomes and cognitive empathy predicting more positive outcomes. Interaction effects emerged between affective empathy and the relationship quality indicators. However, no interactions occurred with cognitive empathy. Further, longitudinal data revealed only cognitive empathy had long-term effects (predicting positive outcomes such as lower levels of depression and higher levels of self-esteem) suggesting that cognitive empathy may be a protective factor. Limitations and suggestions for future research are discussed.