Effects of land‐use changes in vegetation cover and sidewall erosion in a gully head of the Penedès region (northeast Spain)
Effects of land‐use changes in vegetation cover and sidewall erosion in a gully head of the Penedès region (northeast Spain)
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DOI：
10.1002/esp.1870
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发表时间：
2009-11
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
J. A. Martínez-Casasnovas;M. C. Ramos;D. García-Hernández
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. A. Martínez-Casasnovas;M. C. Ramos;D. García-Hernández
本研究探讨了西班牙东北部佩内莱S地区植被覆盖演变过程中的土地利用变化对沟壑侵蚀的影响。讨论了植被覆盖对沟壁稳定的贡献。沟谷集水面积60.2hm2，以葡萄园为主。本区第三系泥灰岩和疏松砂岩上发育大型沟谷。对1975年、1995年和2002年的1：5000和1：7000详细航片进行正射纠正，提取流域土地利用信息、沟谷植被覆盖和高程信息，建立详细的数字高程模型。最近一个时期的土地利用和沟壑植被复盖图通过实地工作和为帮助绘制较旧日期图而建立的照片解译关键字得到了协助。为确定土地利用的变化、植被复盖的变化和沟渠侧壁侵蚀之间的关系，估计了1975年和2002年集水区的土壤流失量。为此，采用了经修订的通用土壤流失方程。侧壁质量移动通过减去每个时期的数字高程模型(1m分辨率)来确定。结果表明，机械化葡萄园种植的土地重组在流域内发生了重要的土地利用变化。它增加了26.5%的农田土壤流失量，影响了沟壁植被覆盖的动态，灌木林向森林的重要发展，以及沟壑侵蚀，侧壁退缩的速率为0.025~0.50ha−1，质量移动率为16~63.2mgha−1 y−1。这些结果表明，沟壁的植被覆盖，虽然在防止飞溅、片状和细沟侵蚀方面有所改善，但对沟壁退缩和质量运动没有影响。版权所有©2009 John Wiley&Sons，Ltd.
The present research addresses the effects of land‐use changes in the evolution of vegetation cover on gully erosion in the Penedès region of northeast Spain. The contribution of vegetation cover to gully wall stabilization is also discussed. The catchment area of the gully is 60·2 ha and is mainly composed of vineyards. In this area, large gullies have developed on Tertiary marls and unconsolidated sandstones. Detailed aerial photographs (1 : 5000 and 1 : 7000 scale) of three dates (1975, 1995 and 2002) were ortho‐rectified to derive land‐use information in the catchment, gully vegetation cover and height information to construct detailed digital elevation models. Land‐use and gully vegetation cover mapping of the most recent period was assisted by means of fieldwork and a photo‐interpretation key constructed to help map the older dates. Soil loss in the catchment was estimated for the 1975 and 2002 scenarios to determine the relations between land‐use changes to vegetation cover changes and gully sidewall erosion. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation was applied for that purpose. Sidewall mass movements were determined by subtraction of digital elevation models (1 m resolution) of each period. The results show important land‐use changes in the catchment due to field reorganization for the plantation of mechanized vineyards. It increased soil loss from agricultural fields by 26·5%, which influenced vegetation cover dynamics on gully walls, with an important development of scrubland to forest, and gully erosion, with sidewall retreat at rates of 0·025 to 0·50 ha y−1 and mass movements at rates of 16 to 63·2 Mg ha−1 y−1. These results indicate that vegetation cover on gully walls, although suggesting an improvement with respect to wall protection against splash, sheet and rill erosion, did not affect sidewall retreat and mass movements. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.