Inkjet printing of electrically conductive patterns of carbon nanotubes
Inkjet printing of electrically conductive patterns of carbon nanotubes
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DOI：
10.1002/smll.200600061
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发表时间：
2006-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Ajayan, Pulickel M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kordas, Krisztian;Mustonen, Tero;Ajayan, Pulickel M.
碳纳米管 (CNT) 的有利物理特性，例如优异的导热性、[1] 良好的机械强度、[2] 可选的半导体/金属性质，[3] 和先进的场发射行为，[4] 多年来已在许多不同的设备中得到利用。 [5]使用催化[6]或等离子体增强[7]化学气相沉积方法（分别是CCVD和PECVD）在预图案化生长模板上选择性地合成组织良好的碳纳米管，为未来的先进应用开辟了新的领域。然而，这些有前景的技术需要复杂的光刻工艺和复杂的沉积设施（PECVD），或者仅限于耐热生长基板（CCVD）。纳米管化学的最新进展使得碳纳米管能够溶解和分散在各种溶剂中。 [8]这些结果提出了通过简单地将溶解/分散的颗粒分配/印刷在基材上来制造CNT图案的新替代方案。或者，可以实现流道中或预图案化印模上 CNT 悬浮液的受控絮凝，以在各种表面上产生纳米管图案。 [9]本文提出了一种经济高效且可扩展的沉积方法，用于在纸张和聚合物表面生成导电多壁碳纳米管（MWCNT）图案。通过 CCVD 生长的多壁碳纳米管经过化学修饰，使纳米管可分散在水中，然后使用商用桌面喷墨打印机将水分散体分配到各种基材上。研究了印刷图案的电学行为并讨论了该工艺的局限性。为了进行功能化（图 1a），多壁碳纳米管首先在硝酸中回流，在纳米管外石墨烯层的缺陷位点产生羧基、羟基和羰基。在后续步骤中，这些羟基和羰基被高锰酸钾溶液（在高氯酸中）进一步氧化，以在纳米管表面获得额外的羧基。 [10]生长的 CNT 结构的修饰可以通过比较所生产的纳米管的拉曼光谱 ACHTUNGTRENNUNG（图 1b）和附近的完全 ACHTUNGTRENNUNG 功能化的纳米管（图 1c）来识别。
The advantageous physical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), such as excellent thermal conductivity,[1] good mechanical strength,[2] optional semiconducting/metallic nature,[3] and advanced field-emission behavior,[4] have been utilized in a number of different devices for several years.[5] The area-selective synthesis of well-organized CNTs on prepatterned growth templates using either catalytic [6] or plasma-enhanced [7] chemical vapor deposition methods (CCVD and PECVD, respectively) opens up further novel fields for advanced future applications. However, these promising techniques require complex lithography processes and sophisticated deposition facilities (PECVD) or are limited to thermally durable growth substrates (CCVD). Recent advances in nanotube chemistry enable both the dissolution and dispersion of CNTs in various solvents.[8] These results suggest new alternatives for fabricating CNT patterns by simply dispensing/printing the dissolved/dispersed particles on substrates. Alternatively, controlled flocculation of CNT suspensions in flow channels or on prepatterned stamps can be accomplished to produce patterns of nanotubes on various surfaces.[9] Herein, a cost-effective and scaleable deposition method for generating conductive multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) patterns on paper and polymer surfaces is presented. MWCNTs grown by CCVD were chemically modified to make the nanotubes dispersible in water, and in turn the aqueous dispersion was dispensed on various substrates using a commercial desktop inkjet printer. The electrical behavior of the printed patterns is investigated and the limitations of the process are discussed. For functionalization (Figure1a), the MWCNTs were first refluxed in nitric acid to produce carboxyl, hydroxyl, and carbonyl groups at the defect sites of the outer graphene layer of the nanotubes. In a subsequent step, these hydroxyl and carbonyl groups were oxidized further with potassium permanganate solution (in perchloric acid) to achieve additional carboxyl groups on the surfaces of the nanotubes.[10] Modifications of the as-grown CNT structure may be identified by comparison of the Raman spectra ACHTUNGTRENNUNGof the as-produced nanotubes (Figure 1 b) and the fully ACHTUNGTRENNUNGfunctionalized nanotubes (Figure 1c) in the vicinity of the