Biomass fuel and risk of tuberculosis: a case-control study from Northern India
Biomass fuel and risk of tuberculosis: a case-control study from Northern India
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DOI：
10.1136/jech.2010.115840
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发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Kumar, Rajesh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lakshmi, P. V. M.;Virdi, Navkiran Kaur;Kumar, Rajesh
背景尽管烹调烟雾是几种呼吸道疾病的已知危险因素，但其与肺结核之间的关系尚未最终确定。因此，病例对照研究中进行了成年妇女的昌迪加尔联盟Territory在India.Methods医生诊断的痰阳性肺结核病例（n=126）和年龄和居住区匹配的对照（n=252）从诊所在城市，农村和贫民窟地区。访谈进行了在诊所使用预先测试的问卷，收集信息类型的烹饪燃料，教育，职业，社会经济地位，吸烟，过度拥挤和类型的厨房，等条件Logistic回归模型用于控制confounding.Results的研究人群主要是在20-29岁的年龄组（58%），住在城市地区（67%）。大多数人是文盲（52%）和家庭主妇（93%），近一半（46%）的收入不超过25，000卢比。病例组使用生物质燃料、煤油和液化石油气的比例分别为20.6%、27%和52.4%，对照组分别为12.3%、26.2%和61.5%。与LPG相比，生物质燃料的未校正OR为2.33（95% CI 1.18 - 4.59，p 0.01）。调整混杂因素（教育，厨房类型，吸烟和结核病的家庭成员）和相互作用之间的烹饪燃料和吸烟者在家庭中显示的OR为3.14（95%CI 1.15至8.56，p=0.02）的生物质燃料与液化石油气相比。结论与生物质燃料烹饪增加肺结核的风险。
Background Although a known risk factor for several respiratory diseases, the relationship between cooking smoke and tuberculosis has not been conclusively established. Hence, a case-control study was conducted among adult women of Chandigarh Union Territory in India.Methods Physician-diagnosed cases of sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis (n=126) and age-and residence area-matched controls (n=252) were enrolled from clinics in urban, rural and slum areas. Interviews were conducted in the clinic using a pretested questionnaire to collect information on type of cooking fuel, education, occupation, socio-economic status, smoking, overcrowding and type of kitchen, etc. The conditional logistic regression model was used for control of confounding.Results The study population was predominantly in the 20-29-year-old age group (58%) and lived in urban areas (67%). The majority were illiterate (52%) and housewives (93%), and nearly half (46%) had an income of no more than Rs 25 000. Among the cases, 20.6%, 27% and 52.4% used biomass fuel, kerosene and liquid petroleum gas (LPG), respectively, whereas among controls, the respective figures were: 12.3%, 26.2% and 61.5%. The unadjusted OR for biomass fuel compared with LPG was 2.33 (95% CI 1.18 to 4.59, p 0.01). Adjustment for confounding factors (education, type of kitchen, smoking tobacco and TB in a family member) and interaction between cooking fuel and smoker in family revealed an OR of 3.14 (95% CI 1.15 to 8.56, p=0.02) for biomass fuel in comparison with LPG.Conclusions Cooking with biomass fuel increases the risk for pulmonary tuberculosis.