Evolution and regulation of microbial secondary metabolism.
Evolution and regulation of microbial secondary metabolism.
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DOI：
10.7554/elife.76119
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发表时间：
2022-11-21
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Xavier JB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Santamaria G;Liao C;Lindberg C;Chen Y;Wang Z;Rhee K;Pinto FR;Yan J;Xavier JB
微生物对宏观世界有着不成比例的影响。这部分是由于它们能够生长到大量的群体，共同分泌大量的次级代谢产物并改变它们的环境。然而，尽管初级代谢的潜在成本，但有利于次级代谢的条件仍不清楚。在这里，我们研究了铜绿假单胞菌产生和分泌的生物表面活性剂，以降低周围液体的表面张力。使用基因组学，代谢组学，转录组学和数学建模的组合，我们表明，从甘油的能力，使表面活性剂在整个系统发育树的变化不一致，相反，血统，失去了这种能力也更差，在减少氧化应激的主要代谢甘油。使用不同碳源的实验支持与氧化应激的联系，这解释了铜绿假单胞菌谱系中不一致的分布，并提出了一个一般原则：如果铜绿假单胞菌谱系能够减少初级代谢产生的氧化应激，并且具有超出其初级需求的过量资源，则产生表面活性剂，以提供次级代谢。这些结果增加了一个新的层的次级代谢产物的调节不必要的初级代谢，但重要的是改变周围环境的细菌种群的物理特性。
Microbes have disproportionate impacts on the macroscopic world. This is in part due to their ability to grow to large populations that collectively secrete massive amounts of secondary metabolites and alter their environment. Yet, the conditions favoring secondary metabolism despite the potential costs for primary metabolism remain unclear. Here we investigated the biosurfactants that the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa makes and secretes to decrease the surface tension of surrounding liquid. Using a combination of genomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, and mathematical modeling we show that the ability to make surfactants from glycerol varies inconsistently across the phylogenetic tree; instead, lineages that lost this ability are also worse at reducing the oxidative stress of primary metabolism on glycerol. Experiments with different carbon sources support a link with oxidative stress that explains the inconsistent distribution across the P. aeruginosa phylogeny and suggests a general principle: P. aeruginosa lineages produce surfactants if they can reduce the oxidative stress produced by primary metabolism and have excess resources, beyond their primary needs, to afford secondary metabolism. These results add a new layer to the regulation of a secondary metabolite unessential for primary metabolism but important to change physical properties of the environments surrounding bacterial populations.