1995 Ruapehu lahars in relation to the late Holocene lahars of Whangaehu River, New Zealand
1995 Ruapehu lahars in relation to the late Holocene lahars of Whangaehu River, New Zealand
复制标题
1995 年鲁阿佩胡火山泥流与新西兰旺阿胡河晚全新世火山泥流的关系
DOI：
10.1080/00288306.1997.9514780
复制
发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Lecointre
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Cronin;K. Hodgson;V. Neall;A. Palmer;J. Lecointre
摘要观测到的活跃气流、沉积物以及1995年鲁阿佩胡火山爆发期间产生的火山泥流的影响与过去2000年的情况进行了比较。1995年的火山泥流与过去135年的火山泥流有着相似的机制，具有相似的体积和流动流变性。然而，在1995年序列中的大量火山泥流和火山泥流最终清空鲁阿佩胡山的整个火山口湖在历史记录的背景下是独特的。1953年和1975年的火山泥流，虽然总体积小于1995年最大的拉哈尔，但峰值流量更高，因此对距离源头57公里范围内的生命和财产的影响更大。这意味着，湖坝的故障是最有效的机制，产生一个快速的拉哈尔与高峰值流量，并通过火山口湖喷发更有效地产生一个拉哈尔与高峰流量时，湖是满的。1995年保存下来的少量拉哈尔沉积物表明地质记录.
Abstract Observations of active flows, their deposits, and the effects of lahars generated during the 1995 eruptions of Ruapehu are compared to those of the last 2000 years. The 1995 lahars were generated by similar mechanisms, and had similar volumes and flow rheologies, to those of the last 135 years. However, the large number of lahars in the 1995 sequence and the eventual emptying of the entire Crater Lake on Mt Ruapehu by lahars is distinctive in the context of the historic record. The 1953 and 1975 lahars, although of smaller total volume than the largest 1995 lahar, had higher peak discharges and consequently greater effects on life and property within 57 km from the source. This implies that failure of a lake dam is the most efficient mechanism for generating a fast lahar with high peak discharge, and that eruptions through Crater Lake are more efficient at generating a lahar with high peak discharge when the lake is full. The scant 1995 lahar deposits preserved indicate that the geological record...