Smokeless tobacco use: harm reduction or induction approach?
Smokeless tobacco use: harm reduction or induction approach?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ypmed.2003.10.006
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发表时间：
2004-03-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Tomar, SL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hatsukami, DK;Lemmonds, C;Tomar, SL
背景：无烟烟草（ST）替代卷烟作为减少危害的方法一直受到热烈争论。有人建议使用无烟烟草作为戒烟方法或减少吸烟的手段。以这些方式使用无烟烟草的影响相对未知。方法：回顾了与使用无烟烟草作为减少烟草毒素暴露和危害的方法相关的不同问题和研究。结果：产品本身的毒性因无烟烟草品牌和国家而异。现有研究中，对卷烟和无烟烟草后果的比较表明，与无烟烟草相比，吸烟对健康产生更多负面影响，可能具有更高的成瘾潜力和更严重的戒断症状，并导致更高的复吸率。另一方面，无烟烟草的使用促进了香烟的使用，而香烟是一种致命的烟草产品。此外，ST 并不是一种无害的产品，而一种危害较小的产品——药用尼古丁，可以作为一种有效的治疗方法。此外，无烟烟草产品不受与药用尼古丁产品相同的监管审查。结论：在考虑将无烟烟草作为一种减少危害的方法之前，需要进行大量的研究和产品监管。 (C) 2003 年癌症预防研究所和 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
Background: Smokeless tobacco (ST) substitution for cigarettes as a method to reduce harm has been actively debated. Use of ST as a smoking cessation method or as a means to reduce cigarettes has been proposed. The impact of using ST in these ways is relatively unknown.Method: A review of the different issues and studies related to using smokeless tobacco as a method to reduce tobacco toxin exposure and harm is presented.Results: The toxicity of the product itself varies by brand of ST and across countries. Of the existing studies, comparisons of consequences between cigarettes and ST show that cigarette smoking produces more negative health effects, is likely to have a higher addiction potential and more severe withdrawal, and leads to a higher rate of relapse than ST use. On the other hand, ST use facilitates the use of cigarettes, which is a deadly tobacco product. Additionally, ST is not a harmless product, and a less harmful product, medicinal nicotine, is available as an effective treatment approach. Furthermore, ST products are not under the same regulatory scrutiny as medicinal nicotine products.Conclusions: Considerably more research and product regulation is necessary prior to considering smokeless tobacco as a harm reduction method. (C) 2003 The Institute For Cancer Prevention and Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.