Majorana Zero Modes in Networks of Cooper-Pair Boxes: Topologically Ordered States and Topological Quantum Computation
Majorana Zero Modes in Networks of Cooper-Pair Boxes: Topologically Ordered States and Topological Quantum Computation
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031218-013618
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发表时间：
2020-03
影响因子：
22.6
通讯作者：
Y. Oreg;F. Oppen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Oreg;F. Oppen
最近的实验进展介绍了可以将联合收割机拓扑超导性与库仑阻塞效应结合起来的装置。这些设备的实验已经提供了额外的证据马约拉纳零模式的邻近耦合半导体线。他们还激发了许多关于如何利用马约拉纳线网络中库仑充电效应产生的马约拉纳零模式之间的相互作用的想法。库仑效应有望成为一个强大的工具，在追求拓扑量子计算机以及驱动拓扑超导体到拓扑有序的绝缘状态。在这里，我们提出了这些最新的发展，包括最近的实验讨论，拓扑量子位的设计，基于马约拉纳的通用量子计算的实现，拓扑量子纠错的重点审查。受量子比特和自旋1/2自由度之间的类比的启发，我们还回顾了库珀对盒之间的耦合如何导致出现拓扑有序的绝缘相。
Recent experimental progress introduced devices that can combine topological superconductivity with Coulomb-blockade effects. Experiments with these devices have already provided additional evidence for Majorana zero modes in proximity-coupled semiconductor wires. They also stimulated numerous ideas for how to exploit interactions between Majorana zero modes generated by Coulomb charging effects in networks of Majorana wires. Coulomb effects promise to become a powerful tool in the quest for a topological quantum computer as well as for driving topological superconductors into topologically ordered insulating states. Here, we present a focused review of these recent developments, including discussions of recent experiments, designs of topological qubits, Majorana-based implementations of universal quantum computation, and topological quantum error correction. Motivated by the analogy between a qubit and a spin-1/2 degree of freedom, we also review how coupling between Cooper-pair boxes leads to emergent topologically ordered insulating phases.