Time-optimal Qubit mapping

Time-optimal Qubit mapping
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时间最优量子位映射

DOI:
10.1145/3445814.3446706
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
Proceedings of the 26th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Zhang, Eddy Z.
Zhang, Eddy Z.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhang, Chi;Hayes, Ari B.;Qiu, Longfei;Jin, Yuwei;Chen, Yanhao;Zhang, Eddy Z.

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量子计算机的物理实现的快速进展催生了多个最近的量子机实现超导技术。在这些NISQ机器中,每个量子比特物理上连接到有限数量的邻居。这种限制阻止了大多数量子程序直接在量子设备上执行。编译器需要将量子程序转换为硬件兼容的电路,特别是通过将两个逻辑量子位映射到两个物理量子位并在它们之间建立链接来使每个双量子位门可执行。为了解决这个问题,现有的研究集中在插入SWAP门来动态地将逻辑量子位重映射到物理量子位。然而,大多数方案缺乏对生成的量子电路的时间最优性的考虑,或者在某些约束下实现时间最优性。在这项工作中,我们提出了一个理论上时间最优的SWAP插入方案的量子比特映射问题。我们的模型也可以扩展到实际的启发式算法。我们提出了精确的分析结果,通过使用我们的模型与重复执行模式的量子程序。我们首次发现了一种最佳量子比特映射模式,用于二维最近邻结构的量子傅里叶变换(QFT)。我们还提出了一个可扩展的理论模型,可用于解决量子比特映射的大型量子电路。
Rapid progress in the physical implementation of quantum computers gave birth to multiple recent quantum machines implemented with superconducting technology. In these NISQ machines, each qubit is physically connected to a bounded number of neighbors. This limitation prevents most quantum programs from being directly executed on quantum devices. A compiler is required for converting a quantum program to a hardware-compliant circuit, in particular, making each two-qubit gate executable by mapping the two logical qubits to two physical qubits with a link between them. To solve this problem, existing studies focus on inserting SWAP gates to dynamically remap logical qubits to physical qubits. However, most of the schemes lack the consideration of time-optimality of generated quantum circuits, or are achieving time-optimality with certain constraints. In this work, we propose a theoretically time-optimal SWAP insertion scheme for the qubit mapping problem. Our model can also be extended to practical heuristic algorithms. We present exact analysis results by using our model for quantum programs with recurring execution patterns. We have for the first time discovered an optimal qubit mapping pattern for quantum fourier transformation (QFT) on 2D nearest neighbor architecture. We also present a scalable extension of our theoretical model that can be used to solve qubit mapping for large quantum circuits.
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