Conservation genetic assessment of four plant species in a small replica of a steppe ecosystem >30 years after establishment
Conservation genetic assessment of four plant species in a small replica of a steppe ecosystem >30 years after establishment
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DOI：
10.1007/s10531-017-1381-1
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发表时间：
2017-06
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
C. Müller;B. Huwe;V. Wissemann;J. Joshi;B. Gemeinholzer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Müller;B. Huwe;V. Wissemann;J. Joshi;B. Gemeinholzer
为了应对物种损失，植物园中的活体迁地收集成为强大的保护计划的重要组成部分。一些限制，问题和风险与生活迁地收集已被报道，如适当的栽培管理，以保持遗传多样性和随机效应在小孤立的人口在人工栖息地。然而，并不是所有的小的和孤立的群体表现出这些预测的遗传变化。在沙丘草原和草原植被迁地建立30年后的多物种原位/迁地比较研究中，利用ISSR分子标记技术对4个不同物种（Alyssum montanumssp.gmelinii，Gypsophila fastigiata，Heliodium nummulariumssp.obscurum，Onosma arenaria）的种群遗传多样性进行了比较。我们观察到不同的物种特异性的遗传反应非常相似的非生物选择力关于不同的中性遗传差异的野生与植物园种群。遗传分化保持相对较低的两个四个调查物种之间的模式草原植物群落内的植物园，人类的干扰保持在最低限度和野生种群。然而，在相同条件下保持的其他两个物种的中度遗传分化突出了物种特异性的内在响应和随机效应对生态系统变化的重要性，并提供了在小的和孤立的种群的种群遗传动态的数据。这有助于进一步改进关于如何在迁地环境中最好地保护濒危植物物种的建议（在接近自然的原址复制品中种植，尽可能少的人为干扰，仅在特定的时间段内，>30年）。
To counter species loss living ex situ collections in botanic gardens became important elements of robust conservation programs. Several limitations, problems, and risks associated with living ex situ collections have been reported such as appropriate cultivation management to maintain genetic diversity and stochastic effects in small isolated populations in artificial habitats. However, not all small and isolated populations exhibit these predicted genetic changes. In a multi-species in situ/ex situ comparison of sand dune steppe- and grassland vegetation >30 years after the ex situ population establishment, we compared four different species’ population genetic diversities (Alyssum montanumssp.gmelinii, Gypsophila fastigiata, Helianthemum nummulariumssp.obscurum, Onosma arenaria)by means of ISSR. We observed different species-specific genetic responses to quite similar abiotic selective forces concerning different neutral genetic diversities of wild versus botanic garden populations. The genetic divergence was kept relatively low in two of the four investigated species between the model steppe plant community within the botanic garden where human interference was kept at a minimum and the wild population. However, the moderate genetic divergence of the two other species kept under the same conditions highlights the importance of species-specific intrinsic responses and stochastic effects to ecosystem changes and provides data on population genetic dynamics in small and isolated populations. This contributes to further improve recommendations on how to best conserve endangered plant species in ex situ environments (cultivation in near nature-like replicas of the original site with as little human inference as possible over only certain periods of time, >30 years).