The prevalence and development of digenean parasites within their intermediate snail host, Galba truncatula, in a geographic area where the presence of Calicophoron daubneyi has recently been confirmed
The prevalence and development of digenean parasites within their intermediate snail host, Galba truncatula, in a geographic area where the presence of Calicophoron daubneyi has recently been confirmed
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.03.021
复制
发表时间：
2017-06-15
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Brophy, Peter M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jones, Rhys Aled;Williams, Hefin Wyn;Brophy, Peter M.
在过去的十年中，瘤胃吸虫（Calicophoron daubneyi）已成为许多欧洲国家牲畜的主要寄生虫。它的发展和传播得益于其中间蜗牛宿主 G. truncatula 的存在。然而，包括英国在内的许多北欧国家尚未记录到 C. daubneyi 生命周期这一阶段的动态。本文利用形态学和 PCR 技术记录了 10 个威尔士农场中 C. daubneyi 以及 F. hepatica、H. cylindracea 和其他寄生虫感染 G. truncatula 蜗牛的流行情况。2016 年 5 月至 10 月期间共采集了 892 只 G. truncatula 蜗牛。样本中 C. daubneyi 的流行情况蜗牛 (4%) 的比例低于肝镰刀菌 (5.6%)。没有记录到这些物种之间的流行率存在关联。 Haplometra cylindracea 被发现感染 8.2% 的蒺藜蜗牛，其在蒺藜蜗牛群体中的流行率与肝尾蚴的流行率呈负相关（P = 0.004）。广义估计方程 (GEE) 线性回归模型确定，脱落到牧场上的吸虫卵水平是蒺藜吸虫种群中 C. daubneyi 和 F. hepatica 流行水平之间的主要显着相关性 (P < 0.001)。然而，G. truncatula 种群中 C. daubneyi 和 F. hepatica 的流行水平与在 G. truncatula 栖息地放牧的牲畜的 C. daubneyi 蛋产量较高和 F. hepatica 蛋产量较低有关。 36C只有一台。 Daubneyi 感染的 G. truncatula 蜗牛被发现含有尾蚴阶段，与 50 只 F. hepatica 感染的 G. truncatula 含有其尾蚴的比例显着较低 (P < 0.05)。这些结果表明，与 F. daubneyi 相比，C. daubneyi 可能不太擅长在英国本土 G. truncatula 群体中感染和发育。肝。然而，C. daubneyi 此前已证明其在新环境中逐步适应中间宿主的能力。如果 C. daubneyi 适应感染并在英国蒺藜蒺藜种群中更有效地发育，副网吸虫病风险将显着增加，导致牲畜损失增加。人们还提出了关于双殖系物种之间在中间蜗牛宿主水平上潜在相互作用的问题，这可能会影响随后的牲畜吸虫病风险。
During the past decade, rumen fluke (Calicophoron daubneyi) has established as a prominent parasite of livestock within numerous European countries. Its development and spread is enabled by the presence of its intermediate snail host G. truncatula. However, the dynamics of this stage of the C. daubneyi lifecycle is yet to be recorded in numerous northern European countries including the UK. Here, the prevalence of C. daubneyi along with F. hepatica, H. cylindracea and other parasites infecting G. truncatula snails on 10 Welsh farms was recorded using morphological and PCR techniques.A total of 892 G. truncatula snails were collected between May and October 2016. The prevalence of C. daubneyi in sampled G. truncatula snails (4%) was lower compared to F. hepatica (5.6%). No association in prevalence between these species was recorded. Haplometra cylindracea was found infecting 8.2% of G. truncatula snails, with its prevalence within G. truncatula populations negatively associated with F. hepatica cercariae prevalence (P = 0.004). Generalized estimation equation (GEE) linear regression models identified the levels of respective fluke eggs shed onto pasture as the main significant association between prevalence levels of both C. daubneyi and F. hepatica within G. truncatula populations (P < 0.001). However, equivalent prevalence levels of C. daubneyi and F. hepatica within G. truncatula populations were associated with higher C. daubneyi egg outputs and lower F. hepatica egg outputs from livestock grazing the G. truncatula habitats. Only one of 36C. daubneyi infected G. truncatula snails was found harbouring its cercarial stages, a significantly lower proportion compared to the 29 of 50 F. hepatica infected G. truncatula harbouring its respective cercariae (P < 0.05).These results signify that C. daubneyi may be less adept at infecting and developing in the UK's native G. truncatula populations in comparison with F. hepatica. However, C. daubneyi has previously demonstrated its ability to progressively adapt to an intermediate host in a new environment. If C. daubneyi were to adapt to infect and develop more efficiently in UK G. truncatula populations, paramphistomosis risk would significantly increase leading to increased livestock losses. Questions are also raised regarding potential interaction between digenean species at intermediate snail host level, which could impact subsequent livestock trematodosis risk.